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==In The Spotlight==
 
==In The Spotlight==
  
===CIRCUS KRONE===
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===GIUSEPPE CHIARINI===
  
[[File:Kronebau_Poster_1966.jpg|right|300px]]Circus Krone is the world's oldest circus company: It has been owned and operated continuously by the same family for more than a century and has maintained throughout the years the standards of quality initiated by its founder, Carl Krone, as well as its original menagerie’s heritage. Its tours in many European countries, especially between the two world wars, have established its fame beyond the confines of Germany, its homeland. In addition, under various incarnations, its permanent circus building in Munich, the Kronebau, has been home to regular winter circus productions since 1919.
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[[File:Chiarini_Utagawa-Masanobu_(4).jpg|right|400px]]Giuseppe Chiarini (1823-1897) was perhaps the most influential circus director of the nineteenth century: During a professional career that spanned fifty-eight years, his extensive and incessant international tours led him from Europe to North and South America, to India and Asia, and down to Australia. In many places that had not yet been exposed to the circus, Chiarini’s was the first circus the locals had ever seen—and this exposure sometimes triggered there the creation of an indigenous circus inspired by Chiarini’s shows.
  
Founded by Carl Krone (1833-1900), then developed by his son, Carl Krone, Jr. (1870-1943), the Krone organization typically grew from a fairground menagerie to a giant circus, according to a pattern quite common at the turn of the twentieth century in Europe, triggered by the European tour of the giant American circus Barnum & Bailey, which introduced European audiences to their first three-ring circus traveling with a full-fledged menagerie.
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Over the years, Chiarini performed for Tsar Nicholas I of Russia, Emperors Maximilian I of Mexico, Dom Pedro of Brazil, and Mitsuhito of Japan, King Rama V of Siam, an assortment of Indian Rajahs, and for various government officials and politicians. His ''Royal Italian Circus''—which could become ''Royal Spanish Circus'' when needed—was in fact an American enterprise based in California. A true circus man, Chiarini was indubitably a citizen of the world.
  
Yet, unlike other enterprises that followed the same model, Circus Krone’s discreet owners remained financially conservative, avoiding the dangerous ostentation of some of their colleagues; in doing so, they averted the crises and failures that had often plagued their competition. They developed international tour strategies that followed the ever-changing European economic cycles, which were strongly sustained by their successful activities in their home-based circus building, Munich’s Kronebau, established in 1919.
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Giuseppe Chiarini came from a large and ancient Italian family of traveling entertainers, whose first recorded appearance was at the Foire Saint-Laurent, one of France’s oldest fairs, in 1580. Many Chiarinis, more or less directly related to Giuseppe, have since been chronicled in popular entertainment and circus history—a very diverse crowd of acrobats, ropedancers, puppeteers, ballet dancers, and equestrians.  
  
After WWII and the death of Carl Krone Jr. in 1943, Circus Krone became, remarkably, a woman affair: It has been first led magnificently by Frieda Krone Sembach (1915-1995), Carl’s daughter, then by her daughter, Christel Krone Sembach (1956-2017), and today by Jana Mandana Krone, Christel’s adoptive daughter—the three of them having excelled in equestrian and animal presentations as much as in circus management. Krone has proudly remained during all that time Größter Circus Europas ("Europe’s Largest Circus").... ([[Circus Krone|more...]])
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In his novel, ''Die Vagabunden'' (1895), the German poet Karl von Holtei immortalized one of them, Francesco Chiarini; in the 1780s, this Chiarini managed a company of acrobats and puppeteers, and ran a very successful ''Théâtre d’Ombres Chinoises'' (shadow puppet theater). His daughter, Angélique, a celebrated equestrienne, had been featured in 1793 at the Amphithéâtre Franconi—the former Amphithéâtre Astley—in Paris, and later in the troupe of Jacques Tourniaire.... ([[Giuseppe Chiarini|more...]])
  
 
==New Essays and Biographies==
 
==New Essays and Biographies==
  
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* [[Circus Ring of Fame]], History
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* [[Natalya Jigalova]], Aerialist
 
* [[Guangzhou Acrobatic Troupe]], History
 
* [[Guangzhou Acrobatic Troupe]], History
 
* [[Irina Bugrimova]], Lion Trainer
 
* [[Irina Bugrimova]], Lion Trainer
 
* [[Mikhail Shuydin]], Clown
 
* [[Mikhail Shuydin]], Clown
* [[Yury Nikulin]], Clown, Actor, Circus Director
 
* [[Serge]], Circus Chronicler and Illustrator
 
  
 
==New Videos==
 
==New Videos==
  
* [[Houcke-Dew_Video_(2022)|Sacha Houcke & Gaby Dew]], horses at liberty (2022)
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* [[Mosiienko_Video_(2022)|Olha Mosiienko]], Tissu (2022)
* [[Pavlenko_Video_(1990)|Nikolai Pavlenko]], tiger act (1990)
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* [[Holler_Zavatta_Video_(2022)|Kimberly & Holler Zavatta]], roller-skating act (2022)
* [[Black_Diamonds_Video_(2022)|Black Diamonds]], Foot Juggling (2022)
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* [[Kurales_Video_(2015)|Kurales Troupe]], tumbling act (2015)
* [[Steven_Ferreri_Video_(2022)|Steven Ferreri]], tight wire (2022)
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* [[Twirling_Girls_Video_(2022)|The Twirling Girls]], roller-skating act (2022)
* [[Fedorovych_Video_(2022)|Kateryna Fedorovych]], Roman rings (2022)
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* [[Sarach_Video_(2019)|Maria Sarach]], hand-balancer/contortionist (2019)
  
 
==New Oral Histories==
 
==New Oral Histories==

Revision as of 20:14, 25 September 2022

Welcome! ✫ Bienvenue! ✫ Willkommen! ✫ Добро Пожаловать!
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Circopedia was originally inspired and funded by the Shelley & Donald Rubin Foundation.

In The Spotlight

GIUSEPPE CHIARINI

Chiarini Utagawa-Masanobu (4).jpg
Giuseppe Chiarini (1823-1897) was perhaps the most influential circus director of the nineteenth century: During a professional career that spanned fifty-eight years, his extensive and incessant international tours led him from Europe to North and South America, to India and Asia, and down to Australia. In many places that had not yet been exposed to the circus, Chiarini’s was the first circus the locals had ever seen—and this exposure sometimes triggered there the creation of an indigenous circus inspired by Chiarini’s shows.

Over the years, Chiarini performed for Tsar Nicholas I of Russia, Emperors Maximilian I of Mexico, Dom Pedro of Brazil, and Mitsuhito of Japan, King Rama V of Siam, an assortment of Indian Rajahs, and for various government officials and politicians. His Royal Italian Circus—which could become Royal Spanish Circus when needed—was in fact an American enterprise based in California. A true circus man, Chiarini was indubitably a citizen of the world.

Giuseppe Chiarini came from a large and ancient Italian family of traveling entertainers, whose first recorded appearance was at the Foire Saint-Laurent, one of France’s oldest fairs, in 1580. Many Chiarinis, more or less directly related to Giuseppe, have since been chronicled in popular entertainment and circus history—a very diverse crowd of acrobats, ropedancers, puppeteers, ballet dancers, and equestrians.

In his novel, Die Vagabunden (1895), the German poet Karl von Holtei immortalized one of them, Francesco Chiarini; in the 1780s, this Chiarini managed a company of acrobats and puppeteers, and ran a very successful Théâtre d’Ombres Chinoises (shadow puppet theater). His daughter, Angélique, a celebrated equestrienneA female equestrian, or horse trainer, horse presenter, or acrobat on horseback., had been featured in 1793 at the Amphithéâtre Franconi—the former Amphithéâtre Astley—in Paris, and later in the troupe of Jacques Tourniaire.... (more...)

New Essays and Biographies

New Videos

New Oral Histories

Circopedia Books

A Message from the Founder

CIRCOPEDIA is a constantly evolving and expanding archive of the international circus. New videos, biographies, essays, and documents are added to the site on a weekly—and sometimes daily—basis. Keep visiting us: even if today you don't find what you're looking for, it may well be here tomorrow! And if you are a serious circus scholar and spot a factual or historical inaccuracy, do not hesitate to contact us: we will definitely consider your remarks and suggestions.

Dominique Jando
Founder and Curator