Circopedia - User contributions [en]

https://www.circopedia.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=Admin Circopedia - User contributions [en] 2026-05-02T10:35:54Z User contributions MediaWiki 1.24.1 https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Circopedia:Contact&diff=29836 Circopedia:Contact 2019-02-28T14:43:14Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>Circopedia can be reached at [mailto:info@circopedia.org?Subject=Web%20inquiry info@circopedia.org]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Circopedia:Contact&diff=29835 Circopedia:Contact 2019-02-28T14:41:49Z

<p>Admin: Created page with "Circopedia can be reached at [mailto:info@circopedia.org?Subject=URL%20Web inquiry]"</p> <hr /> <div>Circopedia can be reached at [mailto:info@circopedia.org?Subject=URL%20Web inquiry]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Sidebar&diff=29834 MediaWiki:Sidebar 2019-02-28T14:39:48Z

<p>Admin: Turning contact into a regular page.</p> <hr /> <div>* Topics<br /> ** :Category:Artists and Acts|Artists and Acts<br /> ** :Category:Circus Arts|Acts by Specialty<br /> ** :Category:Circuses|Circuses<br /> ** :Category:Circus_Owners_and_Directors|Owners and Directors<br /> ** :Category:Festivals|Festivals<br /> ** :Category:History|Circus History<br /> * Archives<br /> ** :Category:Oral History|Oral History<br /> ** :Category:Photo Archive|Photo Archive<br /> ** :Category:Art Gallery|Art Gallery<br /> ** :Category:Video Archive|Video Archive<br /> * Tools<br /> ** Glossary|Glossary<br /> ** Links|Links<br /> * Circopedia<br /> ** mainpage|Home<br /> ** Circopedia_Award|Circopedia Award<br /> ** Circopedia Books|Circopedia Books<br /> ** Circopedia:About|About Us<br /> ** Circopedia:Contact|Contact Us</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=20575 Main Page 2015-03-02T20:29:08Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__<br /> <br /> {| id="mp-topbanner" style="width:100%; background:#fcfcfc; margin-top:1.2em; border:1px solid #ccc;"<br /> |style="width:56%; color:#000"| <br /> {| style="width:100%; border:solid 0px; background:none;"<br /> |style="width:500px; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"|<br /> <div style="font-size:165%; border:none; margin:0; padding:.1em; color:#000;">Welcome • Bienvenue • Willkommen • Добро Пожаловать</div><div style="font-size:165%; border:none; margin:0; padding:.1em; color:#000;">Bienvenida • Benvenuto • 歡迎 • Vítejte • Kαλωσόρισμα</div><br/><br /> <div style="top:+0.2em; font-size:120%;">'''Welcome to the free encyclopedia of the international circus!'''</div><div style="top:+0.2em; font-size:100%;">A project of the [http://www.bigapplecircus.org/ Big Apple Circus],<br />inspired and funded by the [http://www.sdrubin.org/ Shelley & Donald Rubin Foundation].</div><br /> |}<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==In The Spotlight==<br /> [[File:Kludsky_Portraits.jpg|right|320px]]<br /> ===CIRKUS KLUDSKY===<br /> <br /> Cirkus Kludský, the most famous Czech circus and one of Europe’s largest ever, was at its peak a colossal enterprise traveling with an 86 x 54 meters (approximately 280 x 178 feet) three-ring, four-pole big top that could seat 10,000 spectators. Its menagerie included a herd of 25 elephants, 160 horses, 74 wild animals (lions, tigers, leopards, etc.), and a vast assortment of exotic animals, among which three giraffes and a hippopotamus—an ensemble advertised at some 700 heads. Cirkus Kludský boasted two hundred performers from thirty-five nations, including two large bands, and two hundred wagons traveling by train were used to transport the circus equipment and house the personnel.<br /> <br /> In 1929, when Cirkus Kludsky was invited to perform in Rome, Italy, for a run of fifty-two days, more than 600,000 spectators attended its performances. This gigantic organization belonged to the Czech Kludský family, and had been created before WWI by Karel Kludský (Carl Kludsky, as he became known in the West-European circus business). From humble beginnings, Karel Kludský had managed to build one of the biggest traveling circuses in Europe, which was subsequently continued and improved by his sons.... ([[Cirkus Kludsky|more...]])<br /> <br /> ==New Biographies== <br /> <br /> * [[Maria Wolf]], Acrobat, Juggler<br /> * [[Cirkus Kludsky]], History<br /> * [[The Lorch Family]], Risley Act, Circus Owners<br /> * [[Struppi Hanneford]], Aerialist, Animal Trainer, Circus Owner<br /> * [[Pancracio]], Clown<br /> <br /> ==New Videos==<br /> <br /> * [[Josef_and_Maria_Wolf_Video_(2007)|Josef & Maria Wolf]], Perch Act (2007)<br /> * [[Dmitry_Ikin_Video_(2015)|Dmitry Ikin]], Juggler (2015)<br /> * [[Wolf_Family_Video_(2008)|The Wolf Family]], Free Ladder Act (2008)<br /> * [[Dobrovitsky_Video_(2013)|Dobrovitsky Troupe]], Upright Cradle Flying Act (2013)<br /> * [[Maria_Wolf_Video_(2015)|Maria Wolf]], Diabolo Act (2015)<br /> <br /> ==Featured Oral Histories==<br /> <br /> * [[Pavlenko_Interview_Video|Nikolai Pavlenko]], tiger trainer - Interview (RIA Novosti, 2012)<br /> * [[Alberto_Zoppé_Interview_2003|Alberto Zoppé]], Equestrian - Interview (McCutcheon & Distasio, 2003)<br /> * [[Olivier Taquin Interview 2008|Olivier Taquin]], Mime - Interview (Jando, 2008)<br /> * [[Barry Lubin Interview 2008|Barry Lubin]], Clown (Grandma) - Interview (Jando, 2008)<br /> * [[Fumagalli Interview 2008|Fumagalli]], Clown - Interview (Jando, 2008)<br /> <br /> ==A Message from the Editor==<br /> <br /> ''CIRCOPEDIA is a constantly evolving and expanding encyclopedia of the international circus. New videos, biographies, essays, and documents are added to the site on a weekly&mdash;and sometimes daily&mdash;basis. So keep visiting us: even if today you don't find what you're looking for, it may well be here tomorrow! And if you are a serious circus scholar and spot a factual or historical inaccuracy, do not hesitate to [[Special:Contact|contact us]]: we will definitely consider your remarks and suggestions.'' <br /> <br /> :'''Dominique Jando'''<br /> :Editor/Curator</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=20552 Main Page 2015-03-02T12:54:05Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__<br /> <br /> {| id="mp-topbanner" style="width:100%; background:#fcfcfc; margin-top:1.2em; border:1px solid #ccc;"<br /> |style="width:56%; color:#000"| <br /> {| style="width:100%; border:solid 0px; background:none;"<br /> |style="width:500px; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"|<br /> <div style="font-size:160%; border:none; margin:0; padding:.1em; color:#000;">Welcome - Bienvenue - Willkommen - Bienvenida - Benvenuto</div><br /> <div style="top:+0.2em; font-size:95%;">Welcome to the free encyclopedia of the international circus!<br />A project of the [http://www.bigapplecircus.org/ Big Apple Circus],<br />inspired and funded by the [http://www.sdrubin.org/ Shelley & Donald Rubin Foundation].</div><br /> |}<br /> <br /> <br /> ==In The Spotlight==<br /> [[File:Kludsky_Portraits.jpg|right|320px]]<br /> ===CIRKUS KLUDSKY===<br /> <br /> Cirkus Kludský, the most famous Czech circus and one of Europe’s largest ever, was at its peak a colossal enterprise traveling with an 86 x 54 meters (approximately 280 x 178 feet) three-ring, four-pole big top that could seat 10,000 spectators. Its menagerie included a herd of 25 elephants, 160 horses, 74 wild animals (lions, tigers, leopards, etc.), and a vast assortment of exotic animals, among which three giraffes and a hippopotamus—an ensemble advertised at some 700 heads. Cirkus Kludský boasted two hundred performers from thirty-five nations, including two large bands, and two hundred wagons traveling by train were used to transport the circus equipment and house the personnel.<br /> <br /> In 1929, when Cirkus Kludsky was invited to perform in Rome, Italy, for a run of fifty-two days, more than 600,000 spectators attended its performances. This gigantic organization belonged to the Czech Kludský family, and had been created before WWI by Karel Kludský (Carl Kludsky, as he became known in the West-European circus business). From humble beginnings, Karel Kludský had managed to build one of the biggest traveling circuses in Europe, which was subsequently continued and improved by his sons.... ([[Cirkus Kludsky|more...]])<br /> <br /> ==New Biographies== <br /> <br /> * [[Maria Wolf]], Acrobat, Juggler<br /> * [[Cirkus Kludsky]], History<br /> * [[The Lorch Family]], Risley Act, Circus Owners<br /> * [[Struppi Hanneford]], Aerialist, Animal Trainer, Circus Owner<br /> * [[Pancracio]], Clown<br /> <br /> ==New Videos==<br /> <br /> * [[Josef_and_Maria_Wolf_Video_(2007)|Josef & Maria Wolf]], Perch Act (2007)<br /> * [[Dmitry_Ikin_Video_(2015)|Dmitry Ikin]], Juggler (2015)<br /> * [[Wolf_Family_Video_(2008)|The Wolf Family]], Free Ladder Act (2008)<br /> * [[Dobrovitsky_Video_(2013)|Dobrovitsky Troupe]], Upright Cradle Flying Act (2013)<br /> * [[Maria_Wolf_Video_(2015)|Maria Wolf]], Diabolo Act (2015)<br /> <br /> ==Featured Oral Histories==<br /> <br /> * [[Pavlenko_Interview_Video|Nikolai Pavlenko]], tiger trainer - Interview (RIA Novosti, 2012)<br /> * [[Alberto_Zoppé_Interview_2003|Alberto Zoppé]], Equestrian - Interview (McCutcheon & Distasio, 2003)<br /> * [[Olivier Taquin Interview 2008|Olivier Taquin]], Mime - Interview (Jando, 2008)<br /> * [[Barry Lubin Interview 2008|Barry Lubin]], Clown (Grandma) - Interview (Jando, 2008)<br /> * [[Fumagalli Interview 2008|Fumagalli]], Clown - Interview (Jando, 2008)<br /> <br /> ==A Message from the Editor==<br /> <br /> ''CIRCOPEDIA is a constantly evolving and expanding encyclopedia of the international circus. New videos, biographies, essays, and documents are added to the site on a weekly&mdash;and sometimes daily&mdash;basis. So keep visiting us: even if today you don't find what you're looking for, it may well be here tomorrow! And if you are a serious circus scholar and spot a factual or historical inaccuracy, do not hesitate to [[Special:Contact|contact us]]: we will definitely consider your remarks and suggestions.'' <br /> <br /> :'''Dominique Jando'''<br /> :Editor/Curator</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=20551 Main Page 2015-03-02T12:53:37Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__<br /> <br /> {| id="mp-topbanner" style="width:100%; background:#fcfcfc; margin-top:1.2em; border:1px solid #ccc;"<br /> |style="width:56%; color:#000"| <br /> {| style="width:600px; border:solid 0px; background:none;"<br /> |style="width:500px; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"|<br /> <div style="font-size:160%; border:none; margin:0; padding:.1em; color:#000;">Welcome - Bienvenue - Willkommen - Bienvenida - Benvenuto</div><br /> <div style="top:+0.2em; font-size:95%;">Welcome to the free encyclopedia of the international circus!<br />A project of the [http://www.bigapplecircus.org/ Big Apple Circus],<br />inspired and funded by the [http://www.sdrubin.org/ Shelley & Donald Rubin Foundation].</div><br /> |}<br /> <br /> <br /> ==In The Spotlight==<br /> [[File:Kludsky_Portraits.jpg|right|320px]]<br /> ===CIRKUS KLUDSKY===<br /> <br /> Cirkus Kludský, the most famous Czech circus and one of Europe’s largest ever, was at its peak a colossal enterprise traveling with an 86 x 54 meters (approximately 280 x 178 feet) three-ring, four-pole big top that could seat 10,000 spectators. Its menagerie included a herd of 25 elephants, 160 horses, 74 wild animals (lions, tigers, leopards, etc.), and a vast assortment of exotic animals, among which three giraffes and a hippopotamus—an ensemble advertised at some 700 heads. Cirkus Kludský boasted two hundred performers from thirty-five nations, including two large bands, and two hundred wagons traveling by train were used to transport the circus equipment and house the personnel.<br /> <br /> In 1929, when Cirkus Kludsky was invited to perform in Rome, Italy, for a run of fifty-two days, more than 600,000 spectators attended its performances. This gigantic organization belonged to the Czech Kludský family, and had been created before WWI by Karel Kludský (Carl Kludsky, as he became known in the West-European circus business). From humble beginnings, Karel Kludský had managed to build one of the biggest traveling circuses in Europe, which was subsequently continued and improved by his sons.... ([[Cirkus Kludsky|more...]])<br /> <br /> ==New Biographies== <br /> <br /> * [[Maria Wolf]], Acrobat, Juggler<br /> * [[Cirkus Kludsky]], History<br /> * [[The Lorch Family]], Risley Act, Circus Owners<br /> * [[Struppi Hanneford]], Aerialist, Animal Trainer, Circus Owner<br /> * [[Pancracio]], Clown<br /> <br /> ==New Videos==<br /> <br /> * [[Josef_and_Maria_Wolf_Video_(2007)|Josef & Maria Wolf]], Perch Act (2007)<br /> * [[Dmitry_Ikin_Video_(2015)|Dmitry Ikin]], Juggler (2015)<br /> * [[Wolf_Family_Video_(2008)|The Wolf Family]], Free Ladder Act (2008)<br /> * [[Dobrovitsky_Video_(2013)|Dobrovitsky Troupe]], Upright Cradle Flying Act (2013)<br /> * [[Maria_Wolf_Video_(2015)|Maria Wolf]], Diabolo Act (2015)<br /> <br /> ==Featured Oral Histories==<br /> <br /> * [[Pavlenko_Interview_Video|Nikolai Pavlenko]], tiger trainer - Interview (RIA Novosti, 2012)<br /> * [[Alberto_Zoppé_Interview_2003|Alberto Zoppé]], Equestrian - Interview (McCutcheon & Distasio, 2003)<br /> * [[Olivier Taquin Interview 2008|Olivier Taquin]], Mime - Interview (Jando, 2008)<br /> * [[Barry Lubin Interview 2008|Barry Lubin]], Clown (Grandma) - Interview (Jando, 2008)<br /> * [[Fumagalli Interview 2008|Fumagalli]], Clown - Interview (Jando, 2008)<br /> <br /> ==A Message from the Editor==<br /> <br /> ''CIRCOPEDIA is a constantly evolving and expanding encyclopedia of the international circus. New videos, biographies, essays, and documents are added to the site on a weekly&mdash;and sometimes daily&mdash;basis. So keep visiting us: even if today you don't find what you're looking for, it may well be here tomorrow! And if you are a serious circus scholar and spot a factual or historical inaccuracy, do not hesitate to [[Special:Contact|contact us]]: we will definitely consider your remarks and suggestions.'' <br /> <br /> :'''Dominique Jando'''<br /> :Editor/Curator</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Circopedia:About&diff=20313 Circopedia:About 2015-02-19T02:59:15Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>The Big Apple Circus ([http://www.bigapplecircus.org www.bigapplecircus.org]) began the development of the Circopedia.org project in 2007, with inspiration, guidance and leadership support from the Shelley & Donald Rubin Foundation ([http://www.sdrubin.org/ www.sdrubin.org]). The idea was to use the Internet to help the public better understand and appreciate circus as a global artistic and cultural phenomenon, embracing both the populist nature of the circus and the democratic technology of an interactive web archive.<br /> <br /> Dominique Jando and Charles Forcey have guided Circopedia from its inception, with administrative oversight and support provided by the Big Apple Circus staff. An internationally renowned circus historian, and former Associate Artistic Director of the Big Apple Circus, Jando has served as Curator and editor-in-chief for the project, with creative responsibility for all content. Forcey has provided a strong complement to these efforts, as Technical Producer and Information Architect, through his firm Historicus, Inc.<br /> <br /> With its official launch in October 2008, this project has enabled the Big Apple Circus to build upon decades of leadership in the preservation of the classical circus by creating an ongoing historical archive of the art form and its development, highlighting its most important acts and major eras.<br /> <br /> ==Email Inquiries==<br /> <br /> Please contact us through our [[Special:Contact|contact form]].<br /> <br /> ==Mailing Address==<br /> <br /> Circopedia.org<br /> <br /> c/o Big Apple Circus<br /> <br /> One Metrotech Center North, 3rd Floor<br /> <br /> Brooklyn, New York 11201<br /> <br /> USA</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Glossary&diff=19734 Glossary 2015-01-05T01:23:05Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Zirkus_and_Variete.jpg|right|600px|]]<br /> ==A==<br /> ;Adagio:Acrobatic act, generally involving a man and a woman, presented in a slow or romantic mood.<br /> ;Aerialist<br /> ;aerialist<br /> :Any acrobat working above the ring on an aerial equipment such as trapeze, Roman Rings, Spanish web, etc.<br /> ;Aerial Hoop:A heavy metallic hoop used as a variance of trapeze, usually with contortion moves. (Also called Cerceau.)<br /> ;Aerial Perch:An aerial apparatus, generally a hanging perch, from where the performers hang with the help of hand or ankle loops. (French: Bambou - Russian: Bambuk)<br /> ;Aerial Straps:Pair of fabric or leather straps used as an apparatus for an aerial strap act.<br /> ;Antipodist:(French: Antipodiste, Russian: Antipod) Foot juggler.<br /> ;Attraction:(Russian) A circus act that can occupy up to the entire second half of a circus performance.<br /> ;Auguste:In a classic European clown team, the comic, red-nosed character, as opposed to the elegant, whiteface Clown.<br /> <br /> ==B==<br /> ;Balagan:(Russian) A fairground booth or theater.<br /> ;Ballerina on Horseback:Acrobatic and dance figures performed by an equestrienne, often wearing a tutu, standing on the back of a horse.<br /> ;Bambou:(French - Russian: Bambuk) Aerial apparatus, generally a hanging perch, from where the performers hang with the help of hand or ankle loops. See also: Aerial perch.<br /> ;Banquette:(French. U.S.: Ring Curb. Russian: Barrier) The circular barrier that defines the ring&mdash;so called because it is traditionally large enough for someone to sit on it.<br /> ;Banquine:(French) Acrobatic presentation in which an acrobat performs various acrobatic jumps propelled from a living platform made by the crossed hands of two other acrobats (as in "sauts de banquine" &mdash; See also: Basket Acrobatics). <br /> ;Barrel-Jumping:Act in which an acrobat jumps from inside a barrel to inside another barrel, often placed at different levels.<br /> ;Barrier:(Russian. French: Banquette. U.S.: Ring Curb) The circular barrier that defines the ring, and separates it from the audience.<br /> ;Barrière:(French) The line of uniformed artists and assistants who, in the old equestrian circus, stood at attention at the ring entrance to assist their fellow performers if needed. When seen today, the Barrière is usually made of the Ring Crew.<br /> ;Basket Acrobatics:See Banquine.<br /> ;Batoude:(French) A long wooden tramplin that acrobats use to jump over other performers, horses, or elephants, notably in the charivari. Also called "grande batoude". <br /> ;Benefit:Special performance whose entire profit went to a performer; the number of benefits a performer was offered (usually one, but sometimes more for a star performer during a long engagement) was stipulated in his contract. Benefits disappeared in the early twentieth century.<br /> ;Big Top:The circus tent. America: The main tent of a traveling circus, where the show is performed, as opposed to the other tops. (French, Russian: Chapiteau)<br /> ;Bolleadora: A traditional Gaucho weapon made of two weights attached at both ends of a cord, used by Argentinean Bolleadora Dancers.<br /> ;Boss Canvasman:(U.S.) In the traditional American circus, the person in charge of setting up and putting down the tents. Modern usage: Tentmaster.<br /> ;Bouncing Rope:An rope placed between two supports or pedestals, and fastened at one or both ends to a spring or bungee, so that the ropedancer can use the rope as a propelling device.<br /> ;Bowl Pagoda:A Chinese hand balancing and contortion act, in which the performer maintains piles of bowls on her/his head, feet, and/or free hand. The same is also performed with pyramids of glasses on trays, and is known as "Glass Pagoda".<br /> <br /> ==C==<br /> ;Candy Butcher:(American) Concession vendor; so named because one of the first successful concessionaires of the American circus was a former butcher.<br /> ;Cage Act: (English/American) Act performed in a cage, such as lion or tiger acts.<br /> ;Carpet Clown:(English) An Auguste performing short pieces between the acts during prop changes or equipment rigging. See also: Reprise Auguste.<br /> ;Carrousel:A choreographed equestrian ensemble display, very popular in European court entertainments of the 17th and 18th centuries.<br /> ;Casse-Cou:(French) A front, or forward, somersault.<br /> ;Catcher: In an acrobatic or a flying act, the person whose role is to catch acrobats that have been propelled in the air.<br /> ;Cat Trainer:(English/American) An trainer or presenter of wild cats such as tigers, lions, leopards, etc.<br /> ;Chambrière:(French) Long whip customarily used by Equestrians for the presentation of horses "at liberty."<br /> ;Cerceau:(French) See Aerial Hoop.<br /> ;Chapiteau:(French, Russian) A circus tent, or Big Top.<br /> ;Charivari:(Italian, French) A joyous acrobatic display, mostly tumbling, originally performed by all the clowns of a circus company as a show opener. (Clowns, until the turn of the twentieth century, were generally gifted tumblers; tumbling was considered an "eccentric," or comedic circus specialty.)<br /> ;Cigar Box:A juggling prop in the form of a cigar box, which was originally made of actual cigar boxes.<br /> ;Cloud Swing:(English, American) The ancestor of the trapeze: a slack rope hanging from both ends, used as an aerial swinging apparatus. The addition of a bar in the middle led to the creation of the trapeze.<br /> ;Clown Alley:(American) In an American circus, the clowns' dressing room (or tent), and by extension, the clown ensemble of a circus.<br /> ;Clown:Generic term for all clowns and augustes. '''Specific:''' In Europe, the elegant, whiteface character who plays the role of the straight man to the Auguste in a clown team.<br /> ;Club:A juggling pin.<br /> ;Construction: (French) A temporary circus building, originally made of wood and canvas, and later, of steel elements supporting a canvas top and wooden wall. Also known as a "semi-construction."<br /> ;Corde Lisse: (French) A vertical rope used in aerial acts, either for the act itself, or to climb up to an apparatus. Called Spanish Web when covered with fabric.<br /> ;Corde Volante: (French) The ancestor of the trapeze: a slack rope hanging from both ends, used as an aerial swinging apparatus. The addition of a bar in the middle led to the creation of the trapeze. (See also: Cloud Swing.)<br /> ;The Courier:An equestrian presentation created by Andrew Ducrow in 1827 as ''The Courier of St. Petersburg'', in which a rider stands on two galloping horses, one foot on each, and allows other horses to pass between his mounts, catching their reins as they pass, eventually holding the reins a group of galloping horses in front of him. (Also known in French as ''La Poste''.)<br /> ;Cradle:Piece of apparatus (generally aerial) composed of two horizontal parallel bars in which a catcher locks his legs to be in position of catching a flyer. (Variant: Korean Cradle.)<br /> <br /> ==D==<br /> ;Djiguit:(Russian) A skilled horseman from the Caucasus; by extension, a trick rider (sometimes called a Cossack).<br /> ;Donut:(U.S.) A small, circular cushion, in the form of a doughnut, used for head-balancing tricks, notably for head-to-head balancing.<br /> ;Double-double:A double somersault combined with a full double twist.<br /> <br /> ==E==<br /> ;Entrée:Clown piece with a dramatic structure, generally in the form of a short story or scene.<br /> ;Equestrienne:A female equestrian, or horse trainer, horse presenter, or acrobat on horseback.<br /> <br /> ==F==<br /> ;Fabric:(See: Tissu)<br /> ;Flash:In juggling, to flash is the act of juggling objects in a move that is sustained for only a very short time.<br /> ;Flic-flac:A back handspring. (See also: Flip-flap)<br /> ;Flip-flap:A frequent misspelling of "flic-flac" (back handspring).<br /> ;Flashing: In juggling, the act of juggling objects in a move that is sustained for only a very short time.<br /> ;Fly-Bar:On a flying trapeze rig, the swinging trapeze used by the flyer (as opposed to the trapeze used by the catcher).<br /> ;Flyer:An acrobat that is propelled in the air, either in a flying act, or in an acrobatic act (i.e. teeterboard).<br /> ;Flying Act:Any aerial act in which an acrobat is propelled in the air from one point to another.<br /> ;Flying Trapeze: Aerial act in which an acrobat is propelled from a trapeze to a catcher, or to another trapeze. (See also: Short-distance Flying Trapeze)<br /> ;Front Bender:A contortionist who displays a front flexibility (as opposed to a back flexibility).<br /> <br /> ==G==<br /> ;Glass Pagoda:A Chinese hand balancing and contortion act, in which the performer maintains pyramids of glasses on trays on her/his head, feet, and/or free hand. The same is also performed with piles of bowls, and is known as "Bowl Pagoda".<br /> <br /> ==H==<br /> ;Hand-to-Hand: An acrobatic act in which one or more acrobats do hand-balancing in the hands of an under-stander.<br /> ;Haute-école:(French) A display of equestrian dressage by a rider mounting a horse and leading it into classic moves and steps. (See also: High School)<br /> ;Heel Catch:In a trapeze act, a dive frontward or backward, caught to the trapeze bar by the heels.<br /> ;High School: A display of equestrian dressage by a rider mounting a horse and leading it into classic moves and steps. (From the French: Haute école)<br /> ;High Wire: A tight, heavy metallic cable placed high above the ground, on which wire walkers do crossings and various acrobatic exercises. Not to be confused with a tight wire.<br /> ;Hippodrama:Equestrian pantomime, often with a military subject matter, very popular in mid-nineteenth-century urban circuses.<br /> ;Hoop Diving:A Chinese acrobatic specialty involving acrobats performing acrobatic jumps through hoops stacked in a precarious balance above one another.<br /> <br /> ==I==<br /> ;Icarism: (French: Jeux Icariens) Act performed by Icarists, in which one acrobat, lying on his back, juggles another acrobat with his feet. (Also: Risley Act)<br /> ;Icarist: Acrobat who juggle another acrobat with his feet. See Icarism, Risley Act.<br /> ;Iron Jaw: Aerial trick in which a performer hangs from a small apparatus fitting in his/her mouth (a ''mouthpiece'' &mdash; French: ''mâchoire'') and hooked to another apparatus or piece of equipment.<br /> <br /> ==J==<br /> ;Jockey: Classic equestrian act in which the participants ride standing in various attitudes on a galoping horse, perform various jumps while on the horse, and from the ground to the horse, and perform classic horse-vaulting exercises.<br /> <br /> ==K==<br /> ;Koch Semaphore:Rotating apparatus originated in the 1940s by the Koch Sisters in Russia, used as a moving high wire. <br /> ;Korean Cradle:A swinging aerial cradle, attached to two verticals bars functioning like the ropes of a trapeze. It was originated by North Korean flying acts.<br /> <br /> ==L==<br /> ;Liberty:"Liberty act", "Horses at liberty": Unmounted horses presented from the center of the ring by an equestrian directing his charges with his voice, body movements, and signals from a ''chambrière'' (French), or long whip.<br /> ;Longe:(French, Russian) Safety line connected to a performer by a belt, going through a pulley, and held on the other end by an assistant, or a teacher. Also know as a ''mécanique'' (see this word).<br /> ;Low Wire:A tight, light metallic cable, placed between two platforms not very far from the ground, on which a wire dancer perform dance steps, and acrobatic exercises such as somersaults. (Also: Tight Wire)<br /> ;Lyra:Aerial apparatus similar to an Aerial Hoop, but in the form of a lyre, or an aerial hoop with a horizontal bar at its top.<br /> <br /> ==M==<br /> ;Mâchoire: (French) See: Mouthpiece.<br /> ;Mécanique:(French) A safety line, or "longe" (see this word), connected to a rotating arm equipped with a pulley and hanging above the ring, originally used for the practice of equestrian acrobatic acts (such as jockey acts).<br /> ;Monsieur Loyal: (French) The régisseur or presenter of the show in a French circus. So called because of the many members of the Loyal family who occupied this position brilliantly in Parisian circuses.<br /> ;Mouthpiece: Small apparatus fitting in a performer's mouth, used to hang from another apparatus (see: Iron Jaw).<br /> <br /> ==P==<br /> ;Pancake Throw:In juggling, a figure in which a juggling ring is thrown in a way that makes it flip over its own axis rather than spinning around it, much like a pancake on a pan. <br /> ;Panneau:(French) A flat, padded saddle used by ballerinas on horseback.<br /> ;Pantomime:A circus play, not necessarily mute, with a dramatic story-line (a regular feature in 18th and 19th century circus performances).<br /> ;Pedagogue:(Russian, from the French) A teacher in a Russian circus school.<br /> ;Perch-Pole:Long perch held vertically on a performer's shoulder or forehead, on the top of which an acrobat executes various balancing figures.<br /> ;Pirouette:(French) A full rotation of the body in the vertical axle. Double pirouette: two rotations, etc.<br /> ;Plange:(From the French, ''planche'') Acrobatic figure in which one's body is held in a straight horizontal position.<br /> ;Porter-Lancer:(French) An acrobatic presentation consisting of acrobatic jumps performed by an acrobat propelled by two or more acrobats from one to another. (Also spelled ''porté-lancé'')<br /> ;Producing Clown:(American) In the traditional American circus, the head of Clown Alley, who imagines and produces gags for the other clowns in the show.<br /> <br /> ==Q==<br /> ;Quad:A quadruple somersault. <br /> ;Quarterpole:A support pole placed midway between the main poles and the sidewall of a circus tent.<br /> <br /> ==R==<br /> ;Regisseur:(German, from the French: Régisseur) In Russia, the equivalent of a theatrical director in the circus. <br /> ;Régisseur: (French) The stage (or ring) manager&mdash;and sometimes Ringmaster&mdash;in a French circus. (See also: Monsieur Loyal)<br /> ;Reprise:(French) Short piece performed by clowns between acts during prop changes or equipment rigging. (See also: Carpet Clown)<br /> ;Requisit:(German, Russian) All props needed for a Circus act; used internationally mostly for props needed for a cage act, such as stools, etc.<br /> ;Rig:(American) The rigged apparatus used to perform an aerial act, especially a flying act.<br /> ;Ring Curb:(American. French: Banquette. Russian: Barrier) The circular barrier that defines the ring, and separates it from the audience.<br /> ;Ringmaster: The name given today to the old position of Equestrian Director, and by extension, to the presenter of the show.<br /> ;Ringmistress: Feminine of Ringmaster.<br /> ;Risley Act:Act performed by Icarists, in which one acrobat, lying on his back, juggles another acrobat with his feet. (Named after Richard Risley Carlisle, who developed this type of act.)<br /> ;Rolla-Bolla:A board balancing on one or more cylinders piled on each other, and on which an acrobat stands performing juggling or acrobatic tricks. (Also written "rola-bola")<br /> ;Roman Games:(French: Jeux Romains &mdash; See: Roman Riding.)<br /> ;Roman Riding:Various equestrian exercises presented while riding standing on two horses, one foot on each.<br /> ;Rosinback:(American) Name given to horses used by bareback riders, or defining bareback riders' act. (From the resin&mdash;misspelled ''rosin''&mdash;applied on the horse back, or back cover, to provide the rider with a sticky footing.)<br /> ;Roue Cyr:(French) A large metallic hoop used like a German Wheel, developed by the Canadian acrobat Daniel Cyr.<br /> ;Russian Barre:Flexible pole, held horizontally by two catchers, or under-standers, with which they propelled a flyer in acrobatic figures from and to the Barre.<br /> ;Russian Swing:Giant swing used to propel flyers into acrobatic figures onto the shoulders of a catcher, on a crash mat, or into a net.<br /> <br /> ==S==<br /> ;Short-Distance: (Flying Trapeze) A flying act in which the catcher is in a static cradle, limiting the swing motion to the flyer only. Generally performed on a standing apparatus, above a safety mat.<br /> ;Sidewall:The canvas wall at the periphery of a circus tent.<br /> ;Silks:(See: Tissu)<br /> ;Slack Wire:A Tight Wire, or Low Wire, kept slack, and generally used for juggling or balancing tricks.<br /> ;Spanish Web:A vertical rope, or corde lisse, covered with fabric.<br /> ;Strap Act:Aerial act performed hanging from a pair of fabric or leather straps. See Aerial Straps.<br /> ;Swaypole:A high, flexible vertical pole (originally made of a single piece of wood, and today of fiberglass) atop of which an acrobat performs various balancing tricks.<br /> <br /> ==T==<br /> ;Teeterboard:A seesaw made of wood, or fiberglass poles tied together, which is used to propel acrobats in the air.<br /> ;Tentmaster:The person in charge of setting up and putting down a circus tent. (See also: Boss Canvasman)<br /> ;Thrill Act: A spectacular act that focuses on the display of danger, whether real or staged. <br /> ;Tight Wire: A tight, light metallic cable, placed between two platforms not very far from the ground, on which a wire dancer perform dance steps, and acrobatic exercises such as somersaults. (Also: Low Wire)<br /> ;Tightwire:See Tight Wire.<br /> ;Tissu:(French) A double piece of hanging fabric, generally made of silk, used for an aerial act. (See also: Fabric, Silks)<br /> ;Top Mounter:In an acrobatic or balancing act, the performer who holds the top position (on a human column, for instance).<br /> ;Trick: Any specific exercise in a circus act.<br /> ;Trinka:A small, especially designed pedestal on which foot jugglers lie down to perform their act.<br /> <br /> ==U==<br /> ;Under-Stander:In an acrobatic act, the person who is at the base, supporting other acrobats (for example, the base of a human pyramid). Also known as the "bottom Man" (or "Bottom Woman").<br /> <br /> ==V==<br /> ;Variete:(German, from the French: ''variété'') A German variety show whose acts are mostly circus acts, performed in a cabaret atmosphere. Very popular in Germany before WWII, Varieté shows have experienced a renaissance since the 1980s.<br /> <br /> ==W==<br /> ;Washington Trapeze:(orig.: "trapèze à la Washington" – French) A heavy trapeze with a flat bar, on which an aerialist performs balancing tricks. Originated by the American aerialist H. R. Keyes Washington (1838-1882).</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Glossary&diff=19733 Glossary 2015-01-05T01:21:52Z

<p>Admin: Working on double listing for multiple forms of the word</p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Zirkus_and_Variete.jpg|right|600px|]]<br /> ==A==<br /> ;Adagio:Acrobatic act, generally involving a man and a woman, presented in a slow or romantic mood.<br /> ;Aerialist<br /> ;aerlialist<br /> :Any acrobat working above the ring on an aerial equipment such as trapeze, Roman Rings, Spanish web, etc.<br /> ;Aerial Hoop:A heavy metallic hoop used as a variance of trapeze, usually with contortion moves. (Also called Cerceau.)<br /> ;Aerial Perch:An aerial apparatus, generally a hanging perch, from where the performers hang with the help of hand or ankle loops. (French: Bambou - Russian: Bambuk)<br /> ;Aerial Straps:Pair of fabric or leather straps used as an apparatus for an aerial strap act.<br /> ;Antipodist:(French: Antipodiste, Russian: Antipod) Foot juggler.<br /> ;Attraction:(Russian) A circus act that can occupy up to the entire second half of a circus performance.<br /> ;Auguste:In a classic European clown team, the comic, red-nosed character, as opposed to the elegant, whiteface Clown.<br /> <br /> ==B==<br /> ;Balagan:(Russian) A fairground booth or theater.<br /> ;Ballerina on Horseback:Acrobatic and dance figures performed by an equestrienne, often wearing a tutu, standing on the back of a horse.<br /> ;Bambou:(French - Russian: Bambuk) Aerial apparatus, generally a hanging perch, from where the performers hang with the help of hand or ankle loops. See also: Aerial perch.<br /> ;Banquette:(French. U.S.: Ring Curb. Russian: Barrier) The circular barrier that defines the ring&mdash;so called because it is traditionally large enough for someone to sit on it.<br /> ;Banquine:(French) Acrobatic presentation in which an acrobat performs various acrobatic jumps propelled from a living platform made by the crossed hands of two other acrobats (as in "sauts de banquine" &mdash; See also: Basket Acrobatics). <br /> ;Barrel-Jumping:Act in which an acrobat jumps from inside a barrel to inside another barrel, often placed at different levels.<br /> ;Barrier:(Russian. French: Banquette. U.S.: Ring Curb) The circular barrier that defines the ring, and separates it from the audience.<br /> ;Barrière:(French) The line of uniformed artists and assistants who, in the old equestrian circus, stood at attention at the ring entrance to assist their fellow performers if needed. When seen today, the Barrière is usually made of the Ring Crew.<br /> ;Basket Acrobatics:See Banquine.<br /> ;Batoude:(French) A long wooden tramplin that acrobats use to jump over other performers, horses, or elephants, notably in the charivari. Also called "grande batoude". <br /> ;Benefit:Special performance whose entire profit went to a performer; the number of benefits a performer was offered (usually one, but sometimes more for a star performer during a long engagement) was stipulated in his contract. Benefits disappeared in the early twentieth century.<br /> ;Big Top:The circus tent. America: The main tent of a traveling circus, where the show is performed, as opposed to the other tops. (French, Russian: Chapiteau)<br /> ;Bolleadora: A traditional Gaucho weapon made of two weights attached at both ends of a cord, used by Argentinean Bolleadora Dancers.<br /> ;Boss Canvasman:(U.S.) In the traditional American circus, the person in charge of setting up and putting down the tents. Modern usage: Tentmaster.<br /> ;Bouncing Rope:An rope placed between two supports or pedestals, and fastened at one or both ends to a spring or bungee, so that the ropedancer can use the rope as a propelling device.<br /> ;Bowl Pagoda:A Chinese hand balancing and contortion act, in which the performer maintains piles of bowls on her/his head, feet, and/or free hand. The same is also performed with pyramids of glasses on trays, and is known as "Glass Pagoda".<br /> <br /> ==C==<br /> ;Candy Butcher:(American) Concession vendor; so named because one of the first successful concessionaires of the American circus was a former butcher.<br /> ;Cage Act: (English/American) Act performed in a cage, such as lion or tiger acts.<br /> ;Carpet Clown:(English) An Auguste performing short pieces between the acts during prop changes or equipment rigging. See also: Reprise Auguste.<br /> ;Carrousel:A choreographed equestrian ensemble display, very popular in European court entertainments of the 17th and 18th centuries.<br /> ;Casse-Cou:(French) A front, or forward, somersault.<br /> ;Catcher: In an acrobatic or a flying act, the person whose role is to catch acrobats that have been propelled in the air.<br /> ;Cat Trainer:(English/American) An trainer or presenter of wild cats such as tigers, lions, leopards, etc.<br /> ;Chambrière:(French) Long whip customarily used by Equestrians for the presentation of horses "at liberty."<br /> ;Cerceau:(French) See Aerial Hoop.<br /> ;Chapiteau:(French, Russian) A circus tent, or Big Top.<br /> ;Charivari:(Italian, French) A joyous acrobatic display, mostly tumbling, originally performed by all the clowns of a circus company as a show opener. (Clowns, until the turn of the twentieth century, were generally gifted tumblers; tumbling was considered an "eccentric," or comedic circus specialty.)<br /> ;Cigar Box:A juggling prop in the form of a cigar box, which was originally made of actual cigar boxes.<br /> ;Cloud Swing:(English, American) The ancestor of the trapeze: a slack rope hanging from both ends, used as an aerial swinging apparatus. The addition of a bar in the middle led to the creation of the trapeze.<br /> ;Clown Alley:(American) In an American circus, the clowns' dressing room (or tent), and by extension, the clown ensemble of a circus.<br /> ;Clown:Generic term for all clowns and augustes. '''Specific:''' In Europe, the elegant, whiteface character who plays the role of the straight man to the Auguste in a clown team.<br /> ;Club:A juggling pin.<br /> ;Construction: (French) A temporary circus building, originally made of wood and canvas, and later, of steel elements supporting a canvas top and wooden wall. Also known as a "semi-construction."<br /> ;Corde Lisse: (French) A vertical rope used in aerial acts, either for the act itself, or to climb up to an apparatus. Called Spanish Web when covered with fabric.<br /> ;Corde Volante: (French) The ancestor of the trapeze: a slack rope hanging from both ends, used as an aerial swinging apparatus. The addition of a bar in the middle led to the creation of the trapeze. (See also: Cloud Swing.)<br /> ;The Courier:An equestrian presentation created by Andrew Ducrow in 1827 as ''The Courier of St. Petersburg'', in which a rider stands on two galloping horses, one foot on each, and allows other horses to pass between his mounts, catching their reins as they pass, eventually holding the reins a group of galloping horses in front of him. (Also known in French as ''La Poste''.)<br /> ;Cradle:Piece of apparatus (generally aerial) composed of two horizontal parallel bars in which a catcher locks his legs to be in position of catching a flyer. (Variant: Korean Cradle.)<br /> <br /> ==D==<br /> ;Djiguit:(Russian) A skilled horseman from the Caucasus; by extension, a trick rider (sometimes called a Cossack).<br /> ;Donut:(U.S.) A small, circular cushion, in the form of a doughnut, used for head-balancing tricks, notably for head-to-head balancing.<br /> ;Double-double:A double somersault combined with a full double twist.<br /> <br /> ==E==<br /> ;Entrée:Clown piece with a dramatic structure, generally in the form of a short story or scene.<br /> ;Equestrienne:A female equestrian, or horse trainer, horse presenter, or acrobat on horseback.<br /> <br /> ==F==<br /> ;Fabric:(See: Tissu)<br /> ;Flash:In juggling, to flash is the act of juggling objects in a move that is sustained for only a very short time.<br /> ;Flic-flac:A back handspring. (See also: Flip-flap)<br /> ;Flip-flap:A frequent misspelling of "flic-flac" (back handspring).<br /> ;Flashing: In juggling, the act of juggling objects in a move that is sustained for only a very short time.<br /> ;Fly-Bar:On a flying trapeze rig, the swinging trapeze used by the flyer (as opposed to the trapeze used by the catcher).<br /> ;Flyer:An acrobat that is propelled in the air, either in a flying act, or in an acrobatic act (i.e. teeterboard).<br /> ;Flying Act:Any aerial act in which an acrobat is propelled in the air from one point to another.<br /> ;Flying Trapeze: Aerial act in which an acrobat is propelled from a trapeze to a catcher, or to another trapeze. (See also: Short-distance Flying Trapeze)<br /> ;Front Bender:A contortionist who displays a front flexibility (as opposed to a back flexibility).<br /> <br /> ==G==<br /> ;Glass Pagoda:A Chinese hand balancing and contortion act, in which the performer maintains pyramids of glasses on trays on her/his head, feet, and/or free hand. The same is also performed with piles of bowls, and is known as "Bowl Pagoda".<br /> <br /> ==H==<br /> ;Hand-to-Hand: An acrobatic act in which one or more acrobats do hand-balancing in the hands of an under-stander.<br /> ;Haute-école:(French) A display of equestrian dressage by a rider mounting a horse and leading it into classic moves and steps. (See also: High School)<br /> ;Heel Catch:In a trapeze act, a dive frontward or backward, caught to the trapeze bar by the heels.<br /> ;High School: A display of equestrian dressage by a rider mounting a horse and leading it into classic moves and steps. (From the French: Haute école)<br /> ;High Wire: A tight, heavy metallic cable placed high above the ground, on which wire walkers do crossings and various acrobatic exercises. Not to be confused with a tight wire.<br /> ;Hippodrama:Equestrian pantomime, often with a military subject matter, very popular in mid-nineteenth-century urban circuses.<br /> ;Hoop Diving:A Chinese acrobatic specialty involving acrobats performing acrobatic jumps through hoops stacked in a precarious balance above one another.<br /> <br /> ==I==<br /> ;Icarism: (French: Jeux Icariens) Act performed by Icarists, in which one acrobat, lying on his back, juggles another acrobat with his feet. (Also: Risley Act)<br /> ;Icarist: Acrobat who juggle another acrobat with his feet. See Icarism, Risley Act.<br /> ;Iron Jaw: Aerial trick in which a performer hangs from a small apparatus fitting in his/her mouth (a ''mouthpiece'' &mdash; French: ''mâchoire'') and hooked to another apparatus or piece of equipment.<br /> <br /> ==J==<br /> ;Jockey: Classic equestrian act in which the participants ride standing in various attitudes on a galoping horse, perform various jumps while on the horse, and from the ground to the horse, and perform classic horse-vaulting exercises.<br /> <br /> ==K==<br /> ;Koch Semaphore:Rotating apparatus originated in the 1940s by the Koch Sisters in Russia, used as a moving high wire. <br /> ;Korean Cradle:A swinging aerial cradle, attached to two verticals bars functioning like the ropes of a trapeze. It was originated by North Korean flying acts.<br /> <br /> ==L==<br /> ;Liberty:"Liberty act", "Horses at liberty": Unmounted horses presented from the center of the ring by an equestrian directing his charges with his voice, body movements, and signals from a ''chambrière'' (French), or long whip.<br /> ;Longe:(French, Russian) Safety line connected to a performer by a belt, going through a pulley, and held on the other end by an assistant, or a teacher. Also know as a ''mécanique'' (see this word).<br /> ;Low Wire:A tight, light metallic cable, placed between two platforms not very far from the ground, on which a wire dancer perform dance steps, and acrobatic exercises such as somersaults. (Also: Tight Wire)<br /> ;Lyra:Aerial apparatus similar to an Aerial Hoop, but in the form of a lyre, or an aerial hoop with a horizontal bar at its top.<br /> <br /> ==M==<br /> ;Mâchoire: (French) See: Mouthpiece.<br /> ;Mécanique:(French) A safety line, or "longe" (see this word), connected to a rotating arm equipped with a pulley and hanging above the ring, originally used for the practice of equestrian acrobatic acts (such as jockey acts).<br /> ;Monsieur Loyal: (French) The régisseur or presenter of the show in a French circus. So called because of the many members of the Loyal family who occupied this position brilliantly in Parisian circuses.<br /> ;Mouthpiece: Small apparatus fitting in a performer's mouth, used to hang from another apparatus (see: Iron Jaw).<br /> <br /> ==P==<br /> ;Pancake Throw:In juggling, a figure in which a juggling ring is thrown in a way that makes it flip over its own axis rather than spinning around it, much like a pancake on a pan. <br /> ;Panneau:(French) A flat, padded saddle used by ballerinas on horseback.<br /> ;Pantomime:A circus play, not necessarily mute, with a dramatic story-line (a regular feature in 18th and 19th century circus performances).<br /> ;Pedagogue:(Russian, from the French) A teacher in a Russian circus school.<br /> ;Perch-Pole:Long perch held vertically on a performer's shoulder or forehead, on the top of which an acrobat executes various balancing figures.<br /> ;Pirouette:(French) A full rotation of the body in the vertical axle. Double pirouette: two rotations, etc.<br /> ;Plange:(From the French, ''planche'') Acrobatic figure in which one's body is held in a straight horizontal position.<br /> ;Porter-Lancer:(French) An acrobatic presentation consisting of acrobatic jumps performed by an acrobat propelled by two or more acrobats from one to another. (Also spelled ''porté-lancé'')<br /> ;Producing Clown:(American) In the traditional American circus, the head of Clown Alley, who imagines and produces gags for the other clowns in the show.<br /> <br /> ==Q==<br /> ;Quad:A quadruple somersault. <br /> ;Quarterpole:A support pole placed midway between the main poles and the sidewall of a circus tent.<br /> <br /> ==R==<br /> ;Regisseur:(German, from the French: Régisseur) In Russia, the equivalent of a theatrical director in the circus. <br /> ;Régisseur: (French) The stage (or ring) manager&mdash;and sometimes Ringmaster&mdash;in a French circus. (See also: Monsieur Loyal)<br /> ;Reprise:(French) Short piece performed by clowns between acts during prop changes or equipment rigging. (See also: Carpet Clown)<br /> ;Requisit:(German, Russian) All props needed for a Circus act; used internationally mostly for props needed for a cage act, such as stools, etc.<br /> ;Rig:(American) The rigged apparatus used to perform an aerial act, especially a flying act.<br /> ;Ring Curb:(American. French: Banquette. Russian: Barrier) The circular barrier that defines the ring, and separates it from the audience.<br /> ;Ringmaster: The name given today to the old position of Equestrian Director, and by extension, to the presenter of the show.<br /> ;Ringmistress: Feminine of Ringmaster.<br /> ;Risley Act:Act performed by Icarists, in which one acrobat, lying on his back, juggles another acrobat with his feet. (Named after Richard Risley Carlisle, who developed this type of act.)<br /> ;Rolla-Bolla:A board balancing on one or more cylinders piled on each other, and on which an acrobat stands performing juggling or acrobatic tricks. (Also written "rola-bola")<br /> ;Roman Games:(French: Jeux Romains &mdash; See: Roman Riding.)<br /> ;Roman Riding:Various equestrian exercises presented while riding standing on two horses, one foot on each.<br /> ;Rosinback:(American) Name given to horses used by bareback riders, or defining bareback riders' act. (From the resin&mdash;misspelled ''rosin''&mdash;applied on the horse back, or back cover, to provide the rider with a sticky footing.)<br /> ;Roue Cyr:(French) A large metallic hoop used like a German Wheel, developed by the Canadian acrobat Daniel Cyr.<br /> ;Russian Barre:Flexible pole, held horizontally by two catchers, or under-standers, with which they propelled a flyer in acrobatic figures from and to the Barre.<br /> ;Russian Swing:Giant swing used to propel flyers into acrobatic figures onto the shoulders of a catcher, on a crash mat, or into a net.<br /> <br /> ==S==<br /> ;Short-Distance: (Flying Trapeze) A flying act in which the catcher is in a static cradle, limiting the swing motion to the flyer only. Generally performed on a standing apparatus, above a safety mat.<br /> ;Sidewall:The canvas wall at the periphery of a circus tent.<br /> ;Silks:(See: Tissu)<br /> ;Slack Wire:A Tight Wire, or Low Wire, kept slack, and generally used for juggling or balancing tricks.<br /> ;Spanish Web:A vertical rope, or corde lisse, covered with fabric.<br /> ;Strap Act:Aerial act performed hanging from a pair of fabric or leather straps. See Aerial Straps.<br /> ;Swaypole:A high, flexible vertical pole (originally made of a single piece of wood, and today of fiberglass) atop of which an acrobat performs various balancing tricks.<br /> <br /> ==T==<br /> ;Teeterboard:A seesaw made of wood, or fiberglass poles tied together, which is used to propel acrobats in the air.<br /> ;Tentmaster:The person in charge of setting up and putting down a circus tent. (See also: Boss Canvasman)<br /> ;Thrill Act: A spectacular act that focuses on the display of danger, whether real or staged. <br /> ;Tight Wire: A tight, light metallic cable, placed between two platforms not very far from the ground, on which a wire dancer perform dance steps, and acrobatic exercises such as somersaults. (Also: Low Wire)<br /> ;Tightwire:See Tight Wire.<br /> ;Tissu:(French) A double piece of hanging fabric, generally made of silk, used for an aerial act. (See also: Fabric, Silks)<br /> ;Top Mounter:In an acrobatic or balancing act, the performer who holds the top position (on a human column, for instance).<br /> ;Trick: Any specific exercise in a circus act.<br /> ;Trinka:A small, especially designed pedestal on which foot jugglers lie down to perform their act.<br /> <br /> ==U==<br /> ;Under-Stander:In an acrobatic act, the person who is at the base, supporting other acrobats (for example, the base of a human pyramid). Also known as the "bottom Man" (or "Bottom Woman").<br /> <br /> ==V==<br /> ;Variete:(German, from the French: ''variété'') A German variety show whose acts are mostly circus acts, performed in a cabaret atmosphere. Very popular in Germany before WWII, Varieté shows have experienced a renaissance since the 1980s.<br /> <br /> ==W==<br /> ;Washington Trapeze:(orig.: "trapèze à la Washington" – French) A heavy trapeze with a flat bar, on which an aerialist performs balancing tricks. Originated by the American aerialist H. R. Keyes Washington (1838-1882).</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Ben_Williams&diff=19732 Ben Williams 2015-01-05T01:19:16Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>==Elephant Trainer==<br /> <br /> ''By Dominique Jando''<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Ben_Williams_and_Anna_May_1982.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Ben Williams & Anna May (1982)]]Ben Harold Williams (1953-2009) was born January 18, 1953 in Fort Worth, Texas, the son of aerialist Barbara Ray and elephant trainer [[Rex Williams]]. His parents divorced. When Barbara married another elephant trainer, the legendary [[William Woodcock, Jr.|Bill “Buckles” Woodcock]], Ben began working with Buckles's star elephant, Anna May, a remarkably gifted Indian Woodlands elephant that Buckles had purchased from a circus in 1951 when she was five years old. By then, Anna May was thirteen, and Ben, six.<br /> <br /> When not traveling with his parents, Ben went to school in Ruskin, Florida&mdash;the Woodcocks' hometown&mdash;where he became president of the National Honor Society. A bright student, he was offered a scholarship for the University of South Florida, but he chose to go back to the circus instead, and to continue working with elephants. <br /> <br /> Ben appeared for the first time on television with Anna May, on the Ed Sullivan Show when he was eleven years old. Eventually, Buckles and Barbara Woodcock helped Ben develop a fast-paced duet with Anna May, to which Barbara added a leopard named Odin. "Ben Williams and Anna May" became one of the most successful and original elephant acts in America.<br /> <br /> ===Ben Williams & Anna May===<br /> <br /> The bond between Williams and Anna May was intense. When in 1982, Anna May accidently killed a woman who had sneaked into her trailer, Ben fled with his elephant partner, fearing that she would be killed by the authorities&mdash;unfortunately not an uncommon practice in this type of incident. Convicted of leaving the scene of an accident (he was originally charged with murder), Ben spent two weeks in jail&mdash;but Anna May survived the ordeal unharmed.<br /> <br /> Like the rest of the Woodcock family, Ben worked in all major American circuses. In 1978-79, he was featured with Anna May in the 108th edition of [[Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey]]'s ''Greatest Show On Earth''. In 1982-83, Ben Williams and Anna May were featured in the [[Big Apple Circus]]'s second holiday season at Lincoln Center, inaugurating a long association between that circus and the Woodcock family. <br /> <br /> Williams, with Anna May and other Woodcock elephants, subsequently performed with the Big Apple Circus in several productions through 1994. Starting in 1989, his presentations often included his wife, Darlene, a former Ringling showgirl, and their two daughters, Stormy and Skye. Shortly after his final engagement with the Big Apple Circus in 1994, Ben retired from performing, and he and his family settled in Ruskin, Florida. He died of a gastrointestinal cancer on October 2, 2009 in Tampa, Florida; he was fifty-six years old. Beside his daughters Stormy and Skye, Ben Williams had a son, Shane, and a daughter from a first marriage, Jennifer Williams Doby.<br /> <br /> ==See Also==<br /> <br /> * Video: [[Ben_Williams_and_Anna_May_BAC_Video_1985|Ben Williams & Anna May]] with The Boston Pops Esplanade Orchestra at the Big Apple Circus (1985)<br /> * Video: [[Ben_Williams_%26_Anna_May_Video|Ben Williams & Anna May]] at the Big Apple Circus (1985)<br /> * Video: [[Ben_Williams_and_Anna_May_BAC_Video_1989|Ben Williams & Anna May]] in the Big Apple Circus production of ''Grandma Goes West'' (1989)<br /> * Video: [[Bill_Woodcocks_Elephants_BAC_Video_1990|Ben Williams & Family]], with Anna May and Ned, in the Big Apple Circus production of ''Ballerinas, Horses and Clowns...'' (1990)<br /> * Video: [[Williams_Family_Video_1993|Ben Williams & Family]], with Anna May, Ned, and Amy,in the Big Apple Circus production of ''Carnevale In Venice'' (1993)<br /> <br /> == Image Gallery ==<br /> <br /> <Gallery><br /> Image:Ben_Williams_%26_Anna_May_(1960).jpg|Ben Williams and Anna May (1960)<br /> File:Ben_Williams_1974.jpg|Ben Williams at Circus World (1974)<br /> Image:Ben_Williams_%26_Barbara_Woodcock_(1978).jpg|Ben Williams, Barbara Woodcock and Bill Woodcock (1978)<br /> Image:Darlene_Williams.jpg|Darlene Williams (c.1980)<br /> File:Ben_Williams_and_Anna_May_1982.jpg|Ben Williams & Anna May (1982)<br /> Image:Anna_May_and_Stormy_Wiilliams_(1986).jpg|Anna May and Stormy Williams (1984)<br /> Image:Ben_and_Darlene_Williams.jpg|Ben and Darlene Williams (1993)<br /> File:Ben_Williams_and_family_BAC_(1993).jpg|The Williams Family (1993)<br /> </Gallery><br /> <br /> [[Category: Artists and Acts|Williams, Ben]]<br /> [[Category: Animal Trainers|Williams, Ben]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Ben_Williams&diff=19731 Ben Williams 2015-01-05T01:15:07Z

<p>Admin: Temporary edit while testing glossary</p> <hr /> <div>==Elephant Trainer==<br /> <br /> ''By Dominique Jando''<br /> <br /> <br /> [[File:Ben_Williams_and_Anna_May_1982.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Ben Williams & Anna May (1982)]]Ben Harold Williams (1953-2009) was born January 18, 1953 in Fort Worth, Texas, the son of Aerialist Barbara Ray and elephant trainer [[Rex Williams]]. His parents divorced. When Barbara married another elephant trainer, the legendary [[William Woodcock, Jr.|Bill “Buckles” Woodcock]], Ben began working with Buckles's star elephant, Anna May, a remarkably gifted Indian Woodlands elephant that Buckles had purchased from a circus in 1951 when she was five years old. By then, Anna May was thirteen, and Ben, six.<br /> <br /> When not traveling with his parents, Ben went to school in Ruskin, Florida&mdash;the Woodcocks' hometown&mdash;where he became president of the National Honor Society. A bright student, he was offered a scholarship for the University of South Florida, but he chose to go back to the circus instead, and to continue working with elephants. <br /> <br /> Ben appeared for the first time on television with Anna May, on the Ed Sullivan Show when he was eleven years old. Eventually, Buckles and Barbara Woodcock helped Ben develop a fast-paced duet with Anna May, to which Barbara added a leopard named Odin. "Ben Williams and Anna May" became one of the most successful and original elephant acts in America.<br /> <br /> ===Ben Williams & Anna May===<br /> <br /> The bond between Williams and Anna May was intense. When in 1982, Anna May accidently killed a woman who had sneaked into her trailer, Ben fled with his elephant partner, fearing that she would be killed by the authorities&mdash;unfortunately not an uncommon practice in this type of incident. Convicted of leaving the scene of an accident (he was originally charged with murder), Ben spent two weeks in jail&mdash;but Anna May survived the ordeal unharmed.<br /> <br /> Like the rest of the Woodcock family, Ben worked in all major American circuses. In 1978-79, he was featured with Anna May in the 108th edition of [[Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey]]'s ''Greatest Show On Earth''. In 1982-83, Ben Williams and Anna May were featured in the [[Big Apple Circus]]'s second holiday season at Lincoln Center, inaugurating a long association between that circus and the Woodcock family. <br /> <br /> Williams, with Anna May and other Woodcock elephants, subsequently performed with the Big Apple Circus in several productions through 1994. Starting in 1989, his presentations often included his wife, Darlene, a former Ringling showgirl, and their two daughters, Stormy and Skye. Shortly after his final engagement with the Big Apple Circus in 1994, Ben retired from performing, and he and his family settled in Ruskin, Florida. He died of a gastrointestinal cancer on October 2, 2009 in Tampa, Florida; he was fifty-six years old. Beside his daughters Stormy and Skye, Ben Williams had a son, Shane, and a daughter from a first marriage, Jennifer Williams Doby.<br /> <br /> ==See Also==<br /> <br /> * Video: [[Ben_Williams_and_Anna_May_BAC_Video_1985|Ben Williams & Anna May]] with The Boston Pops Esplanade Orchestra at the Big Apple Circus (1985)<br /> * Video: [[Ben_Williams_%26_Anna_May_Video|Ben Williams & Anna May]] at the Big Apple Circus (1985)<br /> * Video: [[Ben_Williams_and_Anna_May_BAC_Video_1989|Ben Williams & Anna May]] in the Big Apple Circus production of ''Grandma Goes West'' (1989)<br /> * Video: [[Bill_Woodcocks_Elephants_BAC_Video_1990|Ben Williams & Family]], with Anna May and Ned, in the Big Apple Circus production of ''Ballerinas, Horses and Clowns...'' (1990)<br /> * Video: [[Williams_Family_Video_1993|Ben Williams & Family]], with Anna May, Ned, and Amy,in the Big Apple Circus production of ''Carnevale In Venice'' (1993)<br /> <br /> == Image Gallery ==<br /> <br /> <Gallery><br /> Image:Ben_Williams_%26_Anna_May_(1960).jpg|Ben Williams and Anna May (1960)<br /> File:Ben_Williams_1974.jpg|Ben Williams at Circus World (1974)<br /> Image:Ben_Williams_%26_Barbara_Woodcock_(1978).jpg|Ben Williams, Barbara Woodcock and Bill Woodcock (1978)<br /> Image:Darlene_Williams.jpg|Darlene Williams (c.1980)<br /> File:Ben_Williams_and_Anna_May_1982.jpg|Ben Williams & Anna May (1982)<br /> Image:Anna_May_and_Stormy_Wiilliams_(1986).jpg|Anna May and Stormy Williams (1984)<br /> Image:Ben_and_Darlene_Williams.jpg|Ben and Darlene Williams (1993)<br /> File:Ben_Williams_and_family_BAC_(1993).jpg|The Williams Family (1993)<br /> </Gallery><br /> <br /> [[Category: Artists and Acts|Williams, Ben]]<br /> [[Category: Animal Trainers|Williams, Ben]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=The_Casartelli_Family&diff=19698 The Casartelli Family 2014-12-26T22:04:18Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>''By Raffaele de Ritis''<br /> <br /> ===Introduction===<br /> <br /> The Casartelli family is one of Italy’s most prominent circus families; they are also well known in the Mediterranean countries, the Balkans, and even Israel, where they tour regularly&mdash;although the name Casartelli rarely appears on their circuses’ marquees. They have used different titles over the years, most famously ''Medrano''&mdash;a title they purchased from the [[The Swoboda Family|Swoboda]] family of Austria, and which had no connection (beside the use of its famous name) with the legendary [[Cirque Medrano (Paris)|Parisian circus]]. <br /> <br /> The Casartellis run perhaps the most widely traveled circus organization in activity, having visited no less than twenty countries, some regularly, over the past sixty years (as of 2011)&mdash;sometimes with up to three units touring simultaneously. They are also active in the safari and theme park business. In contrast with typical century-old Italian circus dynasties, the Casartelli family managed to become in just a few decades one of the largest circus families in Europe; it counts today about one hundred members. <br /> <br /> They have revived at its best the pre-war tradition of the great European traveling circuses-and-menagerie, with a large family-based company surrounded by some of the best acts in business. As artists, especially equestrians and animal trainers, the Casartellis won two Gold Clowns at the [[International Circus Festival of Monte Carlo]] (in 1996 and 2007), and they have given six command performances for four different Popes at the Vatican.<br /> <br /> ===Mamma Rosina and Circo Aurora===<br /> <br /> The first known Casartelli active in the circus was Giuseppe Casartelli, who performed in the 1850s&mdash;although not much is known of him. His sons, Pietro (1860-1922), who was known as a good hand-balancer, and Federico (?-?), an acrobat and clown, started the first Casartelli circus, with the help of their numerous offspring. As it was common in Italian circus families of the time, all of them were trained acrobats and equestrians (notably in bareback riders). When Pietro’s elder son, Umberto, better known as Romeo (1893-1933), died in 1933, the family split. <br /> <br /> Umberto’s wife, the courageous and strong-willed Rosina, née [[The Gerardi Fanily|Gerardi]] (1898-1974), went back on the road with her son Leonida (1924-1978) and her daughters Jonne (1919-1999), Liliana (1921-2004), and Lucina (1931- 2003). She became the matriarch of the Casartelli family, establishing through her progeny the basis of the Casartelli circus dynasty. With the three horses and a caravan she received after the family split, Rosina began to move slowly from the Italian northeast to the Piedmont region, hoping to rejoin her family’s Circo Gerardi. She set up a small traveling outdoor arena, offering equestrian and aerial performances with her children, while the audience sat on soapboxes. <br /> <br /> What was originally a survival move actually paid off: By 1936, Rosina’s show was known as the ''Arena Rosa''; by 1939, it was a full-fledged circus performing under a second-hand big top purchased from the [[The Togni Family|Togni]] circus. By 1941, her circus had become a legitimate and respectable enterprise, known as ''Circo Aurora''. During WWII, it played regularly the fairs of Tuscany, and Rosina combined her efforts in the winter with the Tognis, who ran what was by far at the time the most important circus in the country&mdash;and benefitted from the protection of the Fascist government. This association led to several Togni-Casartelli marriages, creating multiple ties between the two families.<br /> <br /> By the end of the war, Rosina’s sons and nephews had already produced dozens of new family members, and her son Leonida took over the reins of the ever-growing family circus. At the time, Italian circus tours centered on a calendar of seasonal fairs, of which one or more circuses were generally the main feature. It was established by the [[Ente Nazionale Circhi]] (the Italian circus proprietor’s association), which used for this purpose a specific ranking system.<br /> <br /> In 1949, three circuses were in the "first class" category: [[The Orfei Family|Orfei]], Togni, and [[The Jarz Family|Jarz]]. Leonida Casartelli’s Circo Aurora quickly reached the "second class," along with [[The Zamperla|Zamperla]], [[Alberto Zoppé|Zoppé]], and [[The Cristiani Family|Cristiani]]. Being in a higher category meant an exclusive tour of the largest regional fairs of Italy, and consequently prosperous business. And business was booming: After having bought his first elephant, Leonida acquired in 1950 a group of lions trained by Amedeo Gerardi, which he presented himself.<br /> <br /> Under Leonida’s management, Circo Aurora regularly booked international acts, and it continued his association with the Togni family through the 1950s. In 1958, Circo Aurora caught the attention of Spanish impresario [[Osvaldo Silvestrini]], who regularly brought over foreign circuses in Cataluña&mdash;among which the Italian Togni, Jarz , and Cristiani circuses, and the French Beautour, Bostok-Robba, and [[The Bouglione Family|Bouglione]]. Circo Aurora’s success in Spain made it the first foreign company to expand its tour to other Spanish regions. <br /> <br /> ===A Circus Of Many Names===<br /> <br /> In 1959 Leonida Casartelli’s circus, which was growing, changed its name to ''Circo Coliseum'' in order to return to Spanish towns that Circo Aurora had already visited the previous season. Circo Coliseum actually improved considerably on the original Aurora, traveling with the first tent equipped with a prototype of the "Italian" elongated cupola, and presenting a water pantomime. The show featured also some of the best Italian acrobats of the time, among whom the banquine act of the [[The Nicolodi Family|Nicolodis]], and the [[Duo Larible|Larible]] brothers’ Washington trapeze act. A group of liberty horses was also added, and the circus’s interior furnishings were improved&mdash;somehow influenced by the Spanish circus impresario [[Arturo Castilla]]’s decorative style. <br /> <br /> The Casartellis’ Spanish tour ended in 1960. Back in Italy, in the early 1960s, the circus’s name switched frequently from ''Coliseum'' to ''Kerr-Kroll'' and back. The latter title was designed to compete with that of [[Circus Krone]], the giant German circus, which often toured in Italy at the time. In April 1963, Leonida Casartelli took his circus into a sport arena in Istanbul, Turkey. Without informing the Casartellis, the local producer, Osman Kavran, advertised the circus as "MED.RA.N.O. presents Circo Casartelli"; the ambiguous acronym was meant to stand for ''MEDiterranean Radiotelevision And News Organization''. <br /> <br /> The Swoboda family, who had visited Turkey successfully before with their Austrian Circus Medrano, tried to have the use of that title, in whatever spelling, suppressed, but it was to no avail. Under the same banner, the Casartellis went afterward on a Turkish tour that extended to Sofia, in Bulgaria. When they returned to Italy (and subsequently visited other southern European countries) they adopted the title ''Circo di Barcelona'', and presented a lavish Spanish-style production, replete with a flamenco ballet company. In 1968 the circus visited Israel for the first time. <br /> <br /> In the following few years, they used a variety of names (sometimes for several units visiting different countries): ''Circo Nazionale Togni'', ''Circo di Francia'', ''Circo Tokio'', ''Magic Circus'', ''Circo di Israele'', and finally, in 1971, the Tognis’ ''Circo Heros'' title. However, by 1972, in spite of its numerous name changes, the Casartelli enterprise had become one of Italy’s largest circuses, and it was finding its own identity. The only major Italian circus not using railroad transportation, its logistics were smooth, and its productions were sumptuous, with danced introductions to the acts, a big orchestra, and elaborate scenery. And whereas Italian circuses flirted with water pantomimes, ice shows and three-ring hippodrome spectaculars, Casartelli prided itself on being the only major circus faithful to one-ring, classic format&mdash;"Il Circo al 100 per 100", as it advertised itself. <br /> <br /> ===Medrano &mdash; Il Circo Famoso Nel Mondo===<br /> <br /> Still, Leonida felt he still had to develop two important elements for his circus: a name with a strong popular appeal, and a big menagerie, as had become the norm in most major circuses in the northern part of Europe. The name ''Medrano'' had gained great popularity in Italy and in the Mediterranean countries. In these regions, the ''Medrano'' title was not connected to the celebrated Parisian circus, but to the circus founded in Austria in 1904 by [[Ludwig Swoboda]] (1881-1952), which was initially called [[Zirkus Lajos]] (The equivalent of ''Ludwig'' in Hungarian). <br /> <br /> In 1920, for a tour of Poland, where the name Lajos was sounding a little too Hungarian (and was thus politically incorrect), Swoboda changed his circus’s name, which became "Medrano from Wien". The choice of ''Medrano'' had been obviously inspired to Ludwig Swoboda by the homonymous Parisian institution, then at the peak of its glory. ([[Jérôme Medrano]] repeatedly fought to prevent the illicit use of his name out of the French borders, but without success). <br /> <br /> And so, the Swobodas toured extensively in Eastern Europe, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean countries&mdash;including Italy&mdash;under the title ''Medrano'' until the 1960s. After Ludwig’s death in 1952, the circus was managed by his daughters&mdash;three of whom, Therese, Anita and Wanda, had achieved considerable fame with their equestrian act, which they performed as the [[The Swoboda Family|Medrano Sisters]]. Circus Medrano-Swoboda (as it became known in the business to avoid confusion with its French counterpart) had eventually ceased its activities in 1969. <br /> <br /> Three of the Swoboda sisters, Therese, Anita and Helena (Hella), had married and settled in Italy, where they had rented the ''Medrano'' name to various Italian circuses. Therese had died in 1951, and Anita eventually left the circus; Hella, who had married Renato Medini, of the famous Italian circus family, eventually remained sole owner of the title. In 1972, ''Medrano'' seemed to Leonida Casartelli a perfect name for his circus: Casartelli exploited the same market as had the Swobodas, a market where the ''Medrano'' title had gained, over the years, prestige and recognition. He made a deal with Renato Medini, and legally purchased a name that belonged to the seller somewhat illegitimately. (Other abusive uses of the ''Medrano'' title would later appear in Europe.) <br /> <br /> The advertising of the new Circo Medrano announced "Medrano – Il Circo Famoso nel Mondo", and introduced a series of colorful movie-style posters, designed by the painter Renato Casaro, which stressed Circo Medrano’s main feature: its vast animal collection. Leonida Casartelli had aggressively and quickly assembled one of the best traveling zoos of the era. His was the first Italian circus to introduce in its menagerie African elephants, giraffes, a rhino, an orangutan, and, as a star attraction, a couple of gorillas. <br /> <br /> Beside the horses, the stables included zebras, camels, and all sorts of exotic animals, and the cage wagons housed cats of every kind, monkeys, and even a host of colorful tropical birds. These animals were taken care of by fine animal trainers, with such famous names as Houcke, McManus, Smith, and Beautour, followed in time by some of Leonida’s sons. Davio (b.1956) became an elephant specialist, and Heros (b.1949) an expert equestrian&mdash;while Elio (b.1952) took care of the circus administration and performances, and their sisters Ghisi (b.1944), Jose (1947-1997), and Liviana (b.1960), supervised the different departments of the circus. <br /> <br /> They all were performers, too, who participated in various family acts (notably a beautiful high school ensemble), and they were surrounded by some of the greatest acts of the period. One of the trademarks of Medrano-Casartelli (as the circus would become known in the business) was the presentation of "exotic" troupes of performers&mdash;African dancers, Moroccan tumblers, teeterboard troupes from the Balkans&mdash;in the manner of the great German circuses ([[Circus Hagenbeck|Hagenbeck]], [[Circus Sarrasani|Sarrasani]]…) of pre-war Europe.<br /> <br /> ===An Expanding Circus Empire===<br /> <br /> Leonida Casartelli died in 1978 in a car accident. The management of Circo Medrano was taken over by one of his nephews, Ugo De Rocchi, who expanded Medrano’s foreign tours, and emphasized the "grandeur" of the circus. For the 1980 winter season in Rome, Medrano set up an impressive display of three big tops and, in the menagerie tent, offered a shark fight&mdash,a first in Europe! The following winter, in Milan, [[The Knie Dynasty|Louis Knie, Jr.]] joined the company with his tigers and elephants; later, in the spring, 250,000 people visited the circus in Tel Aviv. The 1982 season even saw the circus in Vienna, in direct competition with the giant Circus Krone. <br /> <br /> In 1987, Medrano-Casartelli did its first tour in France, where its impressive menagerie&mdash;the like of which had not been seen in that country for a long while&mdash;was a sensation. But in France, where the title ''Medrano'' was duly protected and was the exclusive property of the Medrano family, the Casartellis were forced to change the name of their circus, which disappeared from all the vehicles and other visible locations and was replaced by ''Circo Italiano''. The show, which included a water pantomime, was presented by the famous French ringmaster, [[Sergio]].<br /> <br /> In the winter of 1993, the circus stayed four months in Athens, Greece, presenting two different programs in succession. During the 1990s, a second Casartelli unit traveled with water spectaculars and circus ice shows throughout Europe. At the same time, the family interests were expanded with the purchase of some of Italy’s biggest zoos and theme parks. <br /> <br /> Meanwhile, the extended Casartelli family spread around the globe: [[David Larible]], the son of Lucina Casartelli, became a world-famous clown, and his sister, [[Vivien Larible|Vivien]], a successful trapeze artist; of Liliana’s sons (who had married Wioris Togni), Holer became one of Europe’s best car stuntmen, and Divier, a major sport arena entrepreneur; Steve and Ronni Bello, the sons of Jose (who had married the juggler Luciano Bello), starred in a remarkable risley act at [[Circus Roncalli]], and then in [[Cirque du Soleil]]’s ''Varekai''. In 1996 the family created an extraordinary, twenty-five-minute equestrian display called ''Festa del Cavallo'', in which a dozen family members combined pyramids on horseback, jockey act, high school, pas-de-deux and liberty presentations. It received a Gold Clown at the International Circus Festival of Monte Carlo.<br /> <br /> ===The Casartellis Today===<br /> <br /> After 2000, Ugo De Rocchi’s interests became concentrated on the family’s theme park business, and the control of the circus passed into the hands of Leonida’s three sons, Heros, Davio, and Elio. In 2007, the Casartelli family won for the second time a Gold Clown at the Monte Carlo festival, with a pas-de-deux on horseback, two equestrian displays, and ''Aladdin'', an "oriental" circus pantomime in the grand old classic manner, which included no less that fifty performers and assistants (mostly family members), with a cornucopia of animals, among which a group of African elephants, a kangaroo, and two giraffes.<br /> <br /> Circo Medrano spends basically the winter months in Italy with one or two units, and spends the rest of the year on tour abroad. Davio, who has created a spectacular act with an African elephant and two tigers, has toured with [[Circus Louis Knie]] in Austria and Germany, and with [[Cirque Arlette Gruss]] in France. Elio’s son, Brian (b.1977), took charge of the numerous exotic animals, and has produced an equestrian pas-de-deux with his sister Ingrid (b.1979), which includes Ingrid’s balancing on one foot on her brother’s head, while they are riding on horseback&mdash;a trick never seen before in the rich annals of the equestrian arts.<br /> <br /> For the 2011 season, Circo Medrano-Casartelli was able to advertise (and truly show) three Gold and five Silver Clown winners from the International Circus Festival of Monte-Carlo&mdash;a feat that illustrates well the exceptional quality of their circus productions. Between 1990 and 2011, the Casartellis have performed in Austria, Spain, France, Turkey, Greece, Israel, Cyprus, Malta, Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia, Syria, Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia. They are indeed the greatest ambassadors of the grand Italian circus tradition.<br /> <br /> ==Suggested Reading==<br /> <br /> * Alessandro Cervelatti, ''Questa Sera Grande Spettacolo'' (Milano, Edizione Avanti!, 1961) <br /> * Enrico and Serena Bassano, ''Una donna, un circo: Rosina Casartelli'' (Genova, La Stampa, 1997)<br /> * Alessandra Litta Modignani and Sandra Mantovani, ''Il circo della memoria'' (Pergine Valsugana, Publistampa Edizione, 2002)<br /> * Raffaele de Ritis, ''Storia del Circo - degli acrobati egizi al Cirque du Soleil'' (Roma, Bulzoni Editore, 2008) — ISBN 978-88-7870-317-9<br /> <br /> [[Category:History|Casartelli Family]][[Category:Circus Owners and Directors|Casartelli Family]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Struppi_Hanneford&diff=19697 Struppi Hanneford 2014-12-26T21:59:37Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>[[File:Struppi_Hanneford_(Tajana)_Head_Shot.jpg|right|200px]]<br /> ==Aerialist, Acrobat, Animal Trainer, Circus Owner==<br /> <br /> ''By Dominique Jando''<br /> <br /> <br /> Struppi Hanneford (1931-2014) was a major star aerialist before becoming a high-wire dancer, a wild animal trainer, and eventually, one of the United States’ foremost circus producers along with her husband, [[The Hanneford Family|Tommy Hanneford]] (1927-2005). Her circus career, both as an artist and a producer, spanned the entire second half of the twentieth century and the first decade of the twenty-first.<br /> <br /> She was born Gertrude Zimmerman on September 26, 1931 in Speyer, a small town in Rhineland-Palatinate, near Mannheim in Germany. Her family had no connection with the circus or the performing arts: Her father was a baker, and her mother a homemaker. Yet at a very young age, Gertrude showed a keen interest for gymnastics and all things physical, which was strongly encouraged by her parents&mdash;in a country where, at the time, physical education was kept in very high regard.<br /> <br /> ===Struppi’s Apprenticeship===<br /> <br /> As a little child, Gertrude used to hang from a bar that her father held with his hands; she enjoyed it, and created little routines of her own. When she was seven, her mother heard of a former trapeze artist whose husband was in the military, and who gave trapeze lessons to augment the family income. Thus Gertrude (Trude) Johann entered the life of Gertrude Zimmerman and became her trapeze teacher. <br /> <br /> [[File:Luvas_Sisters_(c.1955).jpg|thumb|left|300px|Trude Johann (right) and Struppi Zimmerman (c.1955)]]Trude Johann is also credited with giving Gertrude the nickname under which she would be known for the rest of her life, "Struppi." It was a diminutive of ''Struppigel'', a made-up word that is hard to translate, but would mean something like "hedgehog turned wild," perhaps a good description of what Gertrude’s character was like then&mdash;and indeed in adulthood Struppi was a very strong woman, in all meanings of the term. <br /> <br /> Little Struppi showed good dispositions for trapeze, and eventually Trude built an act for her. She believed Struppi was ready to perform, but WWII had broken out and it was not the best time to start a career if you were not born into the business: The project didn’t come to fruition. Furthermore, as the war dragged on, life became increasingly difficult in Germany, and Struppi and Trude’s worlds eventually drifted apart. <br /> <br /> Nonetheless, Struppi continued training in gymnastics, took ballet classes, and dreaming of participating one day in the Olympics (which had been held in Berlin in 1936 and had left a strong impression on the five-year-old girl she was then), she also began to train in Competitive Diving. Meanwhile the Wehrmacht had drafted Struppi’s father; some time later he was killed in action. <br /> <br /> Trude, too, had lost her husband. To survive, she had opened a small gymnastics school in Speyer, and in 1945, as the War came to an end, Struppi returned training with her. But the immediate post-war situation in Germany was abysmal, and Trude, who had two children of her own, needed to make a better living; so did Struppi, whose family didn’t fare much better. Therefore Trude decided to resume her performing career, and she built a new aerial act for her and her best student, Struppi.<br /> <br /> ===Circus Debut===<br /> <br /> [[File:Luvas_Sisters.jpg|thumb|right|250px|The Luvas Sisters (C.1955)]]Thus the Luvas Sisters were born. The name had been invented from scratch, and if they were not really sisters, they were both certainly good-looking and talented. They performed a combination act involving aerial cradle, trapeze, and upside-down loop walking, which was novel and spectacular enough to ensure them work. It was not that easy, however: Germany, which had been the epicenter of the circus and variety business in Europe before the War, laid now in ruins&mdash;its many circus buildings and variety theaters destroyed, and most of its traveling circuses unable to resume their activities. If the rest of Europe could manage a little better, money was still scarce, and German acts were not welcome everywhere.<br /> <br /> However, ''Luvas Sisters'' was a good name in that it didn’t sound especially German, and after a few engagements in Germany&mdash;including one with [[Circus Krone]] in Munich, which has just been authorized to resume its activities for a show that was filmed for American television&mdash;they went on to work in a series of stage shows in England, followed by a season at [[Cirkus Scott]], Sweden’s premier circus. By 1952, good offers were numerous enough to give them the luxury to choose.<br /> <br /> One offer came from Jake Mills in the United States, whose [[Mills Bros. Circus]] was a big importer of European acts after the War. (The Mills brothers, Jake, Jack, and Harry, were themselves Russian immigrants.) Going to America was a childhood dream for Struppi, and also&mdash;more importantly&mdash;there was no shortage of money there. The problem was that the Millses, like most American producers, expected the Luvas Sisters to perform more than one act. Trude’s father had trained dogs, so it was something she had a minimum of familiarity with; they added a dog act to their repertoire.<br /> <br /> ===The Luvas Sisters in America===<br /> <br /> Thus the Luvas Sisters made their American debut with the Mills Bros. Circus for its 1953 season. Their contract was renewed for the following year, but the hiatus during the winter months proved much harder than they expected: The United States didn’t have winter circuses, as in Europe, and they didn’t know anybody in the business besides the Millses. The Mills Bros. Circus toured mostly in the Midwest and did one-day stands&mdash;not an ideal situation to make new contacts. Nonetheless, they had met a circus fan that had told them to let him know if ever they needed anything; they reach out to him and he helped them not only to go through the winter months, but also to get their Green Cards (U.S. Resident Status).<br /> <br /> During their second season with the Mills Bros. Circus, Trude and Struppi became a little more attentive to the ways of the circus business in the United States. They saved money and began immediately to look for winter contracts. [[Al Dobritch]], one of the country’s foremost agents (and soon an important producer), gave them a contract to appear in ''Super Circus'', a hit children television show at the time on ABC. This was a good exposure, and Dobritch found them more dates, notably with the Shrine circuses produced by [[Orrin Davenport]]. Their American career took off.<br /> <br /> In 1955, Struppi Luvas met Tommy Hanneford for the first time; they worked in the same Davenport show, she with Trude, and he with his father and siblings in the George Hanneford Family jockey act. They met again on yet another show, and Tommy and Struppi fell in love. They were married December 8, 1955 during a date in Chicago. The Luvas Sisters had their contracts lined up for the 1956 season, however, and they didn’t not necessarily coincide with the Hannefords’ contracts. <br /> <br /> One of the Luvas Sisters’ contracts was, in April 1956, the prestigious ''Ed Sullivan Show'' on CBS television, which Struppi considered the highlight of their career. Yet, life apart was not easy on the young couple, and Struppi made her mind to go solo after the end of the season, in order to stay with Tommy, and began working on her own trapeze act. It was decided that Trude would keep their equipment and continue her act with her son Peter, who was now ready to perform (later her other son, Harry, joined the act). <br /> <br /> ===Princess Tajana===<br /> <br /> Tommy and Struppi chose to present Struppi's act on an American-Indian theme: She would enter the ring riding one of the Hannefords’ horses, dressed as a Hollywood-style Indian princess, in the manner La Tosca ([[The Canestrelli Family|Tosca Canestrelli]], 1923-1994) had made popular years before for her famous bouncing rope act. Struppi had her costume designed by a Hollywood costume maker, and an original music written by the well-known circus musical director [[Izzy Cervone]], who had just replaced the legendary [[Merle Evans]] at the helm of the [[Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey]] Circus’s band. Finally, Struppi chose "Tatjana" as a stage name; it was the name of her old Russian ballet teacher, Tatyana, which is spelled ''Tatjana'' in German. <br /> <br /> [[File:Princess_Tajana-Hanneford.jpg|thumb|left|300px|Princess Tajana (c.1957)]]When she started performing her act, Harry Thomas, the show’s announcer, introduced her as ''Princess Tajana'', mispronouncing her name. But Tajana was actually a better name than Tatjana for an Indian princess, and Struppi kept it. In any event, Princess Tajana’s trapeze act was a hit, and she worked with great success in all major shows in North America, including appearances on ''The Ed Sullivan Show'' in 1959 and 1961, Westinghouse/NBC’s ''The Mike Douglas Show'' in 1962, and ABC’s ''Hollywood Palace'' in 1965, among others. Princess Tajana was also featured at Radio City Music-Hall in New York City in 1971: She had become indeed a name to conjure with.<br /> <br /> Meanwhile, Struppi had also decided to build a high wire act. The great high-wire artist [[Josephine Bersosini]] had retired from performing her solo act in 1962, and sold Struppi all her equipment, from cables and poles to costumes and feather fan&mdash;and even her ironing board! Struppi began training alone, and then with the high-wire artist Raúl Prada, and eventually Princess Tajana added high wire to her repertoire. Around 1965, she also bought a dog act, Rudy Dockly’s Basketball Playing Boxers, which she presented as a third act.<br /> <br /> In 1965, Tommy Hanneford realized an old dream of his: He produced his first circus show. It was at Pleasure Island Park in Wakefield, Massachusetts, and all the family chipped in&mdash;with Struppi performing her high wire and trapeze acts. The Hanneford Circus was born then and there, and in time, this would change the course of Struppi’s career. Tommy registered the title, and had the circus incorporated in Georgia. He then began to look for more dates. The show hit the big time the following year when it was booked for a Gary Moore show on CBS television.<br /> <br /> As they worked for Al Dobritch in Detroit in 1967, Struppi hurt her shoulder while replacing a rider at the last moment in Tommy’s jockey act, and eventually dislocated it when she courageously (and foolishly) tried to do her trapeze act in spite of her injury. Dislocated shoulders are an aerialist’s nightmare, and the trapeze act had to be put on a hiatus. Then Tommy, who saw that Struppi was a little depressed with nothing challenging to do, came up with an idea: Why wouldn’t she present a wild animal act? The only animals Struppi had ever presented were dogs, but she agreed to give it a try.<br /> <br /> ===Princess Tajana In The Steel Arena===<br /> <br /> [[File:Struppi_Hanneford-Tajana.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Struppi and friend (1957)]]Her teacher was [[Frank Simpson]], a cat trainer of good reputation who presented a cage act in the Hanneford show and also owned an animal park. Struppi’s first act consisted of small felines, leopards and pumas&mdash;less impressive, perhaps, than lions or tigers, but certainly not easier to manage. For three and a half weeks, she worked every day at the circus’s winter quarters with Simpson, and then continued alone for couple of months before debuting the act on the Hanneford show. The year was 1972. She presented her group of pumas and leopards for about two years.<br /> <br /> Then Simpson offered Tommy a little tiger for sale. With him&mdash;he was christened "Tommy the Tiger"&mdash;and an Ina, an elephant the circus already owned, Tommy and Struppi built a new act in the style of what [[Gunther Gebel-Williams]] had done with his tiger riding an elephant, and which he performed with the Ringling show which he had joined in 1970. The difference here was that Struppi was a woman… She also acquired a black leopard, Rama, which she presented on a leash, uncaged. Sadly, Tommy the Tiger, a gentle and affectionate cat, died of food poisoning, and Struppi was devastated. To console her, so to speak, Tommy purchased four young tigers, which Struppi started training with the help of [[Trevor Bale]].<br /> <br /> Then a few more tigers were added, which Tommy trained with Struppi, and eventually a lion named Sam. This made for an impressive group. Struppi presented it until the end of the 1980 season. They were presented by [[Bill Golden]] in 1981, and then Tommy sold the group to a Texas animal dealer. Although she still presented from time to time an uncaged black leopard named Sabu, Struppi in effect retired from performing, and became increasingly involved with the Hanneford Circus’s administration.<br /> <br /> ===Epilogue===<br /> <br /> Meanwhile, the Hanneford Circus had become the foremost producer of Shrine circuses east of the Mississippi, and had filled the place left vacant by the likes of Al Dobritch and Orrin Davenport, for whom Struppi had once worked. Renamed in 1975 ''Royal Hanneford Circus'', it had sometimes several shows running simultaneously in different places, and provided circus entertainment for major events such as the Big E (Eastern States Exposition) in Massachusetts, and for several years, the [[Great Circus Parade]] in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, for which the Hannefords used their big tops. <br /> <br /> On January 22, 2005 Struppi was inducted into the [[Circus Ring of Fame]] on St. Armands Circle in Sarasota, Florida, in tribute to her lifetime achievements. When Tommy Hanneford passed away on December 5, 2005, Struppi continued to run alone the Royal Hanneford Circus&mdash;which she had done increasingly when Tommy’s health started deteriorating. In turn, Struppi’s health began to decline: she was diagnosed with a colon cancer. She fought it valiantly, as was expected of the strong woman she was, but to no avail. <br /> <br /> Struppi Hanneford died in her sleep on November 1, 2014 at her home, in Sarasota, Florida. She was eighty-three years old. Her adopted daughter, [[The Hanneford Family|Nelly Hanneford-Poema]], a circus performer herself, was at her side. (Nelly is the biological daughter of Struppi’s sister-in-law, [[The Hanneford Family|Kay Frances Hanneford]] (1933-1976), who had been Tommy’s partner in many of the family acts, and had died prematurely at age forty-three.) Tommy and Struppi’s grandchildren, Catherine, Mariana, Adrian Jr., and Tommy Poema, continue the Hanneford tradition.<br /> <br /> ==Suggested Reading==<br /> <br /> * John H. McConnell, ''A Ring, A Horse, And A Clown &mdash; An Eight Generations History Of The Hannefords'' (Detroit, Astley & Ricketts Ltd., 1992) &mdash; ISBN 0-9636019-0-3<br /> <br /> ==See Also==<br /> <br /> * Video: [[Struppi_Hanneford_Video_(1965)|Princess Tajana (Struppi Hanneford), trapeze act]], on ''Hollywood Palace'' (1965)<br /> <br /> ==Image Gallery==<br /> <br /> <Gallery><br /> File:Luvas_Sisters_(c.1955).jpg|The Luvas Sisters (c.1955)<br /> File:Luvas_Sisters.jpg|The Luvas Sisters (c.1955)<br /> File:Princess_Tajana-Hanneford.jpg|Princess Tajana (c.1957)<br /> File:Princess_TajanaTrapeze.jpg|Princess Tajana (c.1957)<br /> File:Princess_Tajana_Portrait.jpg|Princess Tajana (1959)<br /> File:Struppi_Hanneford_(Tajana)_Head_Shot.jpg|Struppi Hanneford (1959)<br /> File:Struppi_Hanneford-Tajana.jpg|Struppi Hanneford and her tigers (c.1977)<br /> File:Struppi_Hanneford_Tiger_(1980).jpg|Struppi Hanneford and Tigers (1980)<br /> File:Struppi_and_Tommy_Hanneford.jpg|Tommy and Struppi Hanneford (c.1990)<br /> </Gallery><br /> <br /> [[Category:Circus Owners and Directors|Hanneford, Struppi]][[Category:Aerialists|Hanneford, Struppi]][[Category:Trapeze|Hanneford, Struppi]][[Category:Animal Trainers|Hanneford, Struppi]][[Category:Tight Wire|Hanneford, Struppi]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Struppi_Hanneford&diff=19696 Struppi Hanneford 2014-12-26T21:59:12Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div> {{tocleft}}[[File:Struppi_Hanneford_(Tajana)_Head_Shot.jpg|right|200px]]<br /> ==Aerialist, Acrobat, Animal Trainer, Circus Owner==<br /> <br /> ''By Dominique Jando''<br /> <br /> <br /> Struppi Hanneford (1931-2014) was a major star aerialist before becoming a high-wire dancer, a wild animal trainer, and eventually, one of the United States’ foremost circus producers along with her husband, [[The Hanneford Family|Tommy Hanneford]] (1927-2005). Her circus career, both as an artist and a producer, spanned the entire second half of the twentieth century and the first decade of the twenty-first.<br /> <br /> She was born Gertrude Zimmerman on September 26, 1931 in Speyer, a small town in Rhineland-Palatinate, near Mannheim in Germany. Her family had no connection with the circus or the performing arts: Her father was a baker, and her mother a homemaker. Yet at a very young age, Gertrude showed a keen interest for gymnastics and all things physical, which was strongly encouraged by her parents&mdash;in a country where, at the time, physical education was kept in very high regard.<br /> <br /> ===Struppi’s Apprenticeship===<br /> <br /> As a little child, Gertrude used to hang from a bar that her father held with his hands; she enjoyed it, and created little routines of her own. When she was seven, her mother heard of a former trapeze artist whose husband was in the military, and who gave trapeze lessons to augment the family income. Thus Gertrude (Trude) Johann entered the life of Gertrude Zimmerman and became her trapeze teacher. <br /> <br /> [[File:Luvas_Sisters_(c.1955).jpg|thumb|left|300px|Trude Johann (right) and Struppi Zimmerman (c.1955)]]Trude Johann is also credited with giving Gertrude the nickname under which she would be known for the rest of her life, "Struppi." It was a diminutive of ''Struppigel'', a made-up word that is hard to translate, but would mean something like "hedgehog turned wild," perhaps a good description of what Gertrude’s character was like then&mdash;and indeed in adulthood Struppi was a very strong woman, in all meanings of the term. <br /> <br /> Little Struppi showed good dispositions for trapeze, and eventually Trude built an act for her. She believed Struppi was ready to perform, but WWII had broken out and it was not the best time to start a career if you were not born into the business: The project didn’t come to fruition. Furthermore, as the war dragged on, life became increasingly difficult in Germany, and Struppi and Trude’s worlds eventually drifted apart. <br /> <br /> Nonetheless, Struppi continued training in gymnastics, took ballet classes, and dreaming of participating one day in the Olympics (which had been held in Berlin in 1936 and had left a strong impression on the five-year-old girl she was then), she also began to train in Competitive Diving. Meanwhile the Wehrmacht had drafted Struppi’s father; some time later he was killed in action. <br /> <br /> Trude, too, had lost her husband. To survive, she had opened a small gymnastics school in Speyer, and in 1945, as the War came to an end, Struppi returned training with her. But the immediate post-war situation in Germany was abysmal, and Trude, who had two children of her own, needed to make a better living; so did Struppi, whose family didn’t fare much better. Therefore Trude decided to resume her performing career, and she built a new aerial act for her and her best student, Struppi.<br /> <br /> ===Circus Debut===<br /> <br /> [[File:Luvas_Sisters.jpg|thumb|right|250px|The Luvas Sisters (C.1955)]]Thus the Luvas Sisters were born. The name had been invented from scratch, and if they were not really sisters, they were both certainly good-looking and talented. They performed a combination act involving aerial cradle, trapeze, and upside-down loop walking, which was novel and spectacular enough to ensure them work. It was not that easy, however: Germany, which had been the epicenter of the circus and variety business in Europe before the War, laid now in ruins&mdash;its many circus buildings and variety theaters destroyed, and most of its traveling circuses unable to resume their activities. If the rest of Europe could manage a little better, money was still scarce, and German acts were not welcome everywhere.<br /> <br /> However, ''Luvas Sisters'' was a good name in that it didn’t sound especially German, and after a few engagements in Germany&mdash;including one with [[Circus Krone]] in Munich, which has just been authorized to resume its activities for a show that was filmed for American television&mdash;they went on to work in a series of stage shows in England, followed by a season at [[Cirkus Scott]], Sweden’s premier circus. By 1952, good offers were numerous enough to give them the luxury to choose.<br /> <br /> One offer came from Jake Mills in the United States, whose [[Mills Bros. Circus]] was a big importer of European acts after the War. (The Mills brothers, Jake, Jack, and Harry, were themselves Russian immigrants.) Going to America was a childhood dream for Struppi, and also&mdash;more importantly&mdash;there was no shortage of money there. The problem was that the Millses, like most American producers, expected the Luvas Sisters to perform more than one act. Trude’s father had trained dogs, so it was something she had a minimum of familiarity with; they added a dog act to their repertoire.<br /> <br /> ===The Luvas Sisters in America===<br /> <br /> Thus the Luvas Sisters made their American debut with the Mills Bros. Circus for its 1953 season. Their contract was renewed for the following year, but the hiatus during the winter months proved much harder than they expected: The United States didn’t have winter circuses, as in Europe, and they didn’t know anybody in the business besides the Millses. The Mills Bros. Circus toured mostly in the Midwest and did one-day stands&mdash;not an ideal situation to make new contacts. Nonetheless, they had met a circus fan that had told them to let him know if ever they needed anything; they reach out to him and he helped them not only to go through the winter months, but also to get their Green Cards (U.S. Resident Status).<br /> <br /> During their second season with the Mills Bros. Circus, Trude and Struppi became a little more attentive to the ways of the circus business in the United States. They saved money and began immediately to look for winter contracts. [[Al Dobritch]], one of the country’s foremost agents (and soon an important producer), gave them a contract to appear in ''Super Circus'', a hit children television show at the time on ABC. This was a good exposure, and Dobritch found them more dates, notably with the Shrine circuses produced by [[Orrin Davenport]]. Their American career took off.<br /> <br /> In 1955, Struppi Luvas met Tommy Hanneford for the first time; they worked in the same Davenport show, she with Trude, and he with his father and siblings in the George Hanneford Family jockey act. They met again on yet another show, and Tommy and Struppi fell in love. They were married December 8, 1955 during a date in Chicago. The Luvas Sisters had their contracts lined up for the 1956 season, however, and they didn’t not necessarily coincide with the Hannefords’ contracts. <br /> <br /> One of the Luvas Sisters’ contracts was, in April 1956, the prestigious ''Ed Sullivan Show'' on CBS television, which Struppi considered the highlight of their career. Yet, life apart was not easy on the young couple, and Struppi made her mind to go solo after the end of the season, in order to stay with Tommy, and began working on her own trapeze act. It was decided that Trude would keep their equipment and continue her act with her son Peter, who was now ready to perform (later her other son, Harry, joined the act). <br /> <br /> ===Princess Tajana===<br /> <br /> Tommy and Struppi chose to present Struppi's act on an American-Indian theme: She would enter the ring riding one of the Hannefords’ horses, dressed as a Hollywood-style Indian princess, in the manner La Tosca ([[The Canestrelli Family|Tosca Canestrelli]], 1923-1994) had made popular years before for her famous bouncing rope act. Struppi had her costume designed by a Hollywood costume maker, and an original music written by the well-known circus musical director [[Izzy Cervone]], who had just replaced the legendary [[Merle Evans]] at the helm of the [[Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey]] Circus’s band. Finally, Struppi chose "Tatjana" as a stage name; it was the name of her old Russian ballet teacher, Tatyana, which is spelled ''Tatjana'' in German. <br /> <br /> [[File:Princess_Tajana-Hanneford.jpg|thumb|left|300px|Princess Tajana (c.1957)]]When she started performing her act, Harry Thomas, the show’s announcer, introduced her as ''Princess Tajana'', mispronouncing her name. But Tajana was actually a better name than Tatjana for an Indian princess, and Struppi kept it. In any event, Princess Tajana’s trapeze act was a hit, and she worked with great success in all major shows in North America, including appearances on ''The Ed Sullivan Show'' in 1959 and 1961, Westinghouse/NBC’s ''The Mike Douglas Show'' in 1962, and ABC’s ''Hollywood Palace'' in 1965, among others. Princess Tajana was also featured at Radio City Music-Hall in New York City in 1971: She had become indeed a name to conjure with.<br /> <br /> Meanwhile, Struppi had also decided to build a high wire act. The great high-wire artist [[Josephine Bersosini]] had retired from performing her solo act in 1962, and sold Struppi all her equipment, from cables and poles to costumes and feather fan&mdash;and even her ironing board! Struppi began training alone, and then with the high-wire artist Raúl Prada, and eventually Princess Tajana added high wire to her repertoire. Around 1965, she also bought a dog act, Rudy Dockly’s Basketball Playing Boxers, which she presented as a third act.<br /> <br /> In 1965, Tommy Hanneford realized an old dream of his: He produced his first circus show. It was at Pleasure Island Park in Wakefield, Massachusetts, and all the family chipped in&mdash;with Struppi performing her high wire and trapeze acts. The Hanneford Circus was born then and there, and in time, this would change the course of Struppi’s career. Tommy registered the title, and had the circus incorporated in Georgia. He then began to look for more dates. The show hit the big time the following year when it was booked for a Gary Moore show on CBS television.<br /> <br /> As they worked for Al Dobritch in Detroit in 1967, Struppi hurt her shoulder while replacing a rider at the last moment in Tommy’s jockey act, and eventually dislocated it when she courageously (and foolishly) tried to do her trapeze act in spite of her injury. Dislocated shoulders are an aerialist’s nightmare, and the trapeze act had to be put on a hiatus. Then Tommy, who saw that Struppi was a little depressed with nothing challenging to do, came up with an idea: Why wouldn’t she present a wild animal act? The only animals Struppi had ever presented were dogs, but she agreed to give it a try.<br /> <br /> ===Princess Tajana In The Steel Arena===<br /> <br /> [[File:Struppi_Hanneford-Tajana.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Struppi and friend (1957)]]Her teacher was [[Frank Simpson]], a cat trainer of good reputation who presented a cage act in the Hanneford show and also owned an animal park. Struppi’s first act consisted of small felines, leopards and pumas&mdash;less impressive, perhaps, than lions or tigers, but certainly not easier to manage. For three and a half weeks, she worked every day at the circus’s winter quarters with Simpson, and then continued alone for couple of months before debuting the act on the Hanneford show. The year was 1972. She presented her group of pumas and leopards for about two years.<br /> <br /> Then Simpson offered Tommy a little tiger for sale. With him&mdash;he was christened "Tommy the Tiger"&mdash;and an Ina, an elephant the circus already owned, Tommy and Struppi built a new act in the style of what [[Gunther Gebel-Williams]] had done with his tiger riding an elephant, and which he performed with the Ringling show which he had joined in 1970. The difference here was that Struppi was a woman… She also acquired a black leopard, Rama, which she presented on a leash, uncaged. Sadly, Tommy the Tiger, a gentle and affectionate cat, died of food poisoning, and Struppi was devastated. To console her, so to speak, Tommy purchased four young tigers, which Struppi started training with the help of [[Trevor Bale]].<br /> <br /> Then a few more tigers were added, which Tommy trained with Struppi, and eventually a lion named Sam. This made for an impressive group. Struppi presented it until the end of the 1980 season. They were presented by [[Bill Golden]] in 1981, and then Tommy sold the group to a Texas animal dealer. Although she still presented from time to time an uncaged black leopard named Sabu, Struppi in effect retired from performing, and became increasingly involved with the Hanneford Circus’s administration.<br /> <br /> ===Epilogue===<br /> <br /> Meanwhile, the Hanneford Circus had become the foremost producer of Shrine circuses east of the Mississippi, and had filled the place left vacant by the likes of Al Dobritch and Orrin Davenport, for whom Struppi had once worked. Renamed in 1975 ''Royal Hanneford Circus'', it had sometimes several shows running simultaneously in different places, and provided circus entertainment for major events such as the Big E (Eastern States Exposition) in Massachusetts, and for several years, the [[Great Circus Parade]] in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, for which the Hannefords used their big tops. <br /> <br /> On January 22, 2005 Struppi was inducted into the [[Circus Ring of Fame]] on St. Armands Circle in Sarasota, Florida, in tribute to her lifetime achievements. When Tommy Hanneford passed away on December 5, 2005, Struppi continued to run alone the Royal Hanneford Circus&mdash;which she had done increasingly when Tommy’s health started deteriorating. In turn, Struppi’s health began to decline: she was diagnosed with a colon cancer. She fought it valiantly, as was expected of the strong woman she was, but to no avail. <br /> <br /> Struppi Hanneford died in her sleep on November 1, 2014 at her home, in Sarasota, Florida. She was eighty-three years old. Her adopted daughter, [[The Hanneford Family|Nelly Hanneford-Poema]], a circus performer herself, was at her side. (Nelly is the biological daughter of Struppi’s sister-in-law, [[The Hanneford Family|Kay Frances Hanneford]] (1933-1976), who had been Tommy’s partner in many of the family acts, and had died prematurely at age forty-three.) Tommy and Struppi’s grandchildren, Catherine, Mariana, Adrian Jr., and Tommy Poema, continue the Hanneford tradition.<br /> <br /> ==Suggested Reading==<br /> <br /> * John H. McConnell, ''A Ring, A Horse, And A Clown &mdash; An Eight Generations History Of The Hannefords'' (Detroit, Astley & Ricketts Ltd., 1992) &mdash; ISBN 0-9636019-0-3<br /> <br /> ==See Also==<br /> <br /> * Video: [[Struppi_Hanneford_Video_(1965)|Princess Tajana (Struppi Hanneford), trapeze act]], on ''Hollywood Palace'' (1965)<br /> <br /> ==Image Gallery==<br /> <br /> <Gallery><br /> File:Luvas_Sisters_(c.1955).jpg|The Luvas Sisters (c.1955)<br /> File:Luvas_Sisters.jpg|The Luvas Sisters (c.1955)<br /> File:Princess_Tajana-Hanneford.jpg|Princess Tajana (c.1957)<br /> File:Princess_TajanaTrapeze.jpg|Princess Tajana (c.1957)<br /> File:Princess_Tajana_Portrait.jpg|Princess Tajana (1959)<br /> File:Struppi_Hanneford_(Tajana)_Head_Shot.jpg|Struppi Hanneford (1959)<br /> File:Struppi_Hanneford-Tajana.jpg|Struppi Hanneford and her tigers (c.1977)<br /> File:Struppi_Hanneford_Tiger_(1980).jpg|Struppi Hanneford and Tigers (1980)<br /> File:Struppi_and_Tommy_Hanneford.jpg|Tommy and Struppi Hanneford (c.1990)<br /> </Gallery><br /> <br /> [[Category:Circus Owners and Directors|Hanneford, Struppi]][[Category:Aerialists|Hanneford, Struppi]][[Category:Trapeze|Hanneford, Struppi]][[Category:Animal Trainers|Hanneford, Struppi]][[Category:Tight Wire|Hanneford, Struppi]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Sidebar&diff=19674 MediaWiki:Sidebar 2014-12-23T17:58:14Z

<p>Admin: Fixing video link</p> <hr /> <div>* Topics<br /> ** :Category:Artists and Acts|Artists and Acts<br /> ** :Category:Circus Arts|Acts by Specialty<br /> ** :Category:Circuses|Circuses<br /> ** :Category:Circus_Owners_and_Directors|Owners and Directors<br /> ** :Category:Festivals|Festivals<br /> ** :Category:History|Circus History<br /> * Archives<br /> ** :Category:Oral History|Oral History<br /> ** :Category:Photo Archive|Photo Archive<br /> ** :Category:Art Gallery|Art Gallery<br /> ** :Category:Video Archive|Video Archive<br /> * Tools<br /> ** Glossary|Glossary<br /> ** Links|Links<br /> * Circopedia<br /> ** mainpage|Home<br /> ** Circopedia:About|About Us<br /> ** Special:Contact|Contact Us</div>

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<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__<br /> <br /> {| id="mp-topbanner" style="width:100%; background:#fcfcfc; margin-top:1.2em; border:1px solid #ccc;"<br /> |style="width:56%; color:#000"| <br /> {| style="width:280px; border:solid 0px; background:none;"<br /> |style="width:280px; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"|<br /> <div style="font-size:162%; border:none; margin:0; padding:.1em; color:#000;">Welcome to Circopedia,</div><br /> <div style="top:+0.2em; font-size:95%;">the free encyclopedia of the international circus.</div><br /> <div id="articlecount" style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-size:85%;">[[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]] articles in English</div><br /> |}<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Artists and Acts|Artists and Acts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circus Arts|Circus Arts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circuses|Circuses]]<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Photo Archive|Photo Archive]]<br /> *[[:Category:Video Archive|Video Archive]]<br /> *[[Circus History]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Featured Performer==<br /> <br /> [[Image:KremoThreeHats.jpg|right|thumb|100px|Kremo w/3 Hats]]<br /> <br /> ===[[Kris Kremo]]=== <br /> A true juggling legend, Kristian (Kris) Gaston Kremo was born in Paris in 1951, the son of Béla Kremo, a former icarist whose "Gentleman Juggler" act was famous the world over, and his wife Marianne, née Kalbitz, both Swiss citizens. Kris went to school in Switzerland, often joining during his summer vacations the circuses his father toured with. There he learned various circus disciplines, which he performed with other circus kids in amateur shows--and there his father began training him as a juggler, discouraging him to pursue an acrobatic career. Kris's juggling education was carried out the rest of the year through written instructions his father sent him by mail. (Béla Kremo checked his son's progress each time he returned home.) [[Kris Kremo|more...]]<br /> <br /> ==Recent Additions==<br /> *[[Bolshoi Circus]]<br /> *[[Luisita Leers]]<br /> *[[Uzeyir Novruzov]]<br /> *[[Aniskin Troupe]]<br /> *[[Kris Kremo Interview 2007|Kris Kremo Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Yasmine Smart Interview 2007|Yasmine Smart Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Short History of the Circus|A Short History of the Circus]]<br /> *[[Anthony Gatto]]<br /> *[[Billy Smart]]<br /> *[[David Smart]]<br /> *[[Yasmin Smart]]<br /> *[[Kremo Family]]</div>

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<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__<br /> <br /> {| id="mp-topbanner" style="width:100%; background:#fcfcfc; margin-top:1.2em; border:1px solid #ccc;"<br /> |style="width:56%; color:#000"| <br /> {| style="width:280px; border:solid 0px; background:none;"<br /> |style="width:280px; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"|<br /> <div style="font-size:162%; border:none; margin:0; padding:.1em; color:#000;">Welcome to Circopedia,</div><br /> <div style="top:+0.2em; font-size:95%;">the free encyclopedia of the international circus.</div><br /> <div id="articlecount" style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-size:85%;">[[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]] articles in [[English language|English]]</div><br /> |}<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Artists and Acts|Artists and Acts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circus Arts|Circus Arts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circuses|Circuses]]<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Photo Archive|Photo Archive]]<br /> *[[:Category:Video Archive|Video Archive]]<br /> *[[Circus History]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Featured Performer==<br /> <br /> [[Image:KremoThreeHats.jpg|right|thumb|100px|Kremo w/3 Hats]]<br /> <br /> ===[[Kris Kremo]]=== <br /> A true juggling legend, Kristian (Kris) Gaston Kremo was born in Paris in 1951, the son of Béla Kremo, a former icarist whose "Gentleman Juggler" act was famous the world over, and his wife Marianne, née Kalbitz, both Swiss citizens. Kris went to school in Switzerland, often joining during his summer vacations the circuses his father toured with. There he learned various circus disciplines, which he performed with other circus kids in amateur shows--and there his father began training him as a juggler, discouraging him to pursue an acrobatic career. Kris's juggling education was carried out the rest of the year through written instructions his father sent him by mail. (Béla Kremo checked his son's progress each time he returned home.) [[Kris Kremo|more...]]<br /> <br /> ==Recent Additions==<br /> *[[Bolshoi Circus]]<br /> *[[Luisita Leers]]<br /> *[[Uzeyir Novruzov]]<br /> *[[Aniskin Troupe]]<br /> *[[Kris Kremo Interview 2007|Kris Kremo Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Yasmine Smart Interview 2007|Yasmine Smart Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Short History of the Circus|A Short History of the Circus]]<br /> *[[Anthony Gatto]]<br /> *[[Billy Smart]]<br /> *[[David Smart]]<br /> *[[Yasmin Smart]]<br /> *[[Kremo Family]]</div>

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Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Category:History&diff=485 Category:History 2008-09-04T01:42:49Z

<p>Admin: New page: Historical essays on the international circus.</p> <hr /> <div>Historical essays on the international circus.</div>

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<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>* browse<br /> ** mainpage|Home<br /> ** :Category:Artists and Acts|Artists and Acts<br /> ** :Category:Circus Arts|Circus Arts<br /> ** :Category:Circuses|Circuses<br /> ** :Category:Photo Archive|Photo Archive<br /> ** :Category:Video Archive|Video Archive<br /> ** Circus History<br /> ** Circus Websites|Links<br /> ** recentchanges-url|recentchanges<br /> ** randompage-url|randompage</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=482 Main Page 2008-09-04T01:39:38Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__<br /> <br /> {| id="mp-topbanner" style="width:100%; background:#fcfcfc; margin-top:1.2em; border:1px solid #ccc;"<br /> |style="width:56%; color:#000"| <br /> {| style="width:280px; border:solid 0px; background:none;"<br /> |style="width:280px; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"|<br /> <div style="font-size:162%; border:none; margin:0; padding:.1em; color:#000;">Welcome to [[Circopedia]],</div><br /> <div style="top:+0.2em; font-size:95%;">the [[free content|free]] [[encyclopedia]] of the international circus.</div><br /> <div id="articlecount" style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-size:85%;">[[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]] articles in [[English language|English]]</div><br /> |}<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Artists and Acts|Artists and Acts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circus Arts|Circus Arts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circuses|Circuses]]<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Photo Archive|Photo Archive]]<br /> *[[:Category:Video Archive|Video Archive]]<br /> *[[Circus History]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Featured Performer==<br /> <br /> [[Image:KremoThreeHats.jpg|right|thumb|100px|Kremo w/3 Hats]]<br /> <br /> ===[[Kris Kremo]]=== <br /> A true juggling legend, Kristian (Kris) Gaston Kremo was born in Paris in 1951, the son of Béla Kremo, a former icarist whose "Gentleman Juggler" act was famous the world over, and his wife Marianne, née Kalbitz, both Swiss citizens. Kris went to school in Switzerland, often joining during his summer vacations the circuses his father toured with. There he learned various circus disciplines, which he performed with other circus kids in amateur shows--and there his father began training him as a juggler, discouraging him to pursue an acrobatic career. Kris's juggling education was carried out the rest of the year through written instructions his father sent him by mail. (Béla Kremo checked his son's progress each time he returned home.) [[Kris Kremo|more...]]<br /> <br /> ==Recent Additions==<br /> *[[Bolshoi Circus]]<br /> *[[Luisita Leers]]<br /> *[[Uzeyir Novruzov]]<br /> *[[Aniskin Troupe]]<br /> *[[Kris Kremo Interview 2007|Kris Kremo Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Yasmine Smart Interview 2007|Yasmine Smart Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Short History of the Circus|A Short History of the Circus]]<br /> *[[Anthony Gatto]]<br /> *[[Billy Smart]]<br /> *[[David Smart]]<br /> *[[Yasmin Smart]]<br /> *[[Kremo Family]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=481 Main Page 2008-09-04T01:39:15Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__<br /> <br /> {| id="mp-topbanner" style="width:100%; background:#fcfcfc; margin-top:1.2em; border:1px solid #ccc;"<br /> |style="width:56%; color:#000"| <br /> {| style="width:280px; border:solid 0px; background:none;"<br /> |style="width:280px; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"|<br /> <div style="font-size:162%; border:none; margin:0; padding:.1em; color:#000;">Welcome to [[Circopedia]],</div><br /> <div style="top:+0.2em; font-size:95%;">the [[free content|free]] [[encyclopedia]] of the international circus.</div><br /> <div id="articlecount" style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-size:85%;">[[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]] articles in [[English language|English]]</div><br /> |}<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Artists and Acts|Artists and Acts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circus Arts|Circus Arts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circuses|Circuses]]<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Photo Archive|Photo Archive]]<br /> *[[:Category:Video Archive|Video Archive]]<br /> *[[Circus History]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Featured Performer==<br /> ===[[Kris Kremo]]=== [[Image:KremoThreeHats.jpg|right|thumb|100px|Kremo w/3 Hats]]<br /> A true juggling legend, Kristian (Kris) Gaston Kremo was born in Paris in 1951, the son of Béla Kremo, a former icarist whose "Gentleman Juggler" act was famous the world over, and his wife Marianne, née Kalbitz, both Swiss citizens. Kris went to school in Switzerland, often joining during his summer vacations the circuses his father toured with. There he learned various circus disciplines, which he performed with other circus kids in amateur shows--and there his father began training him as a juggler, discouraging him to pursue an acrobatic career. Kris's juggling education was carried out the rest of the year through written instructions his father sent him by mail. (Béla Kremo checked his son's progress each time he returned home.) [[Kris Kremo|more...]]<br /> <br /> ==Recent Additions==<br /> *[[Bolshoi Circus]]<br /> *[[Luisita Leers]]<br /> *[[Uzeyir Novruzov]]<br /> *[[Aniskin Troupe]]<br /> *[[Kris Kremo Interview 2007|Kris Kremo Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Yasmine Smart Interview 2007|Yasmine Smart Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Short History of the Circus|A Short History of the Circus]]<br /> *[[Anthony Gatto]]<br /> *[[Billy Smart]]<br /> *[[David Smart]]<br /> *[[Yasmin Smart]]<br /> *[[Kremo Family]]</div>

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<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__<br /> <br /> {| id="mp-topbanner" style="width:100%; background:#fcfcfc; margin-top:1.2em; border:1px solid #ccc;"<br /> |style="width:56%; color:#000"| <br /> {| style="width:280px; border:solid 0px; background:none;"<br /> |style="width:280px; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"|<br /> <div style="font-size:162%; border:none; margin:0; padding:.1em; color:#000;">Welcome to [[Circopedia]],</div><br /> <div style="top:+0.2em; font-size:95%;">the [[free content|free]] [[encyclopedia]] of the international circus.</div><br /> <div id="articlecount" style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-size:85%;">[[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]] articles in [[English language|English]]</div><br /> |}<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Artists and Acts|Artists and Acts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circus Arts|Circus Arts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circuses|Circuses]]<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Photo Archive|Photo Archive]]<br /> *[[:Category:Video Archive|Video Archive]]<br /> *[[Circus History]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Featured Performer==<br /> *[[Kris Kremo]] [[Image:KremoThreeHats.jpg|right|thumb|100px|Kremo w/3 Hats]]<br /> A true juggling legend, Kristian (Kris) Gaston Kremo was born in Paris in 1951, the son of Béla Kremo, a former icarist whose "Gentleman Juggler" act was famous the world over, and his wife Marianne, née Kalbitz, both Swiss citizens. Kris went to school in Switzerland, often joining during his summer vacations the circuses his father toured with. There he learned various circus disciplines, which he performed with other circus kids in amateur shows--and there his father began training him as a juggler, discouraging him to pursue an acrobatic career. Kris's juggling education was carried out the rest of the year through written instructions his father sent him by mail. (Béla Kremo checked his son's progress each time he returned home.) [[Kris Kremo|more...]]<br /> <br /> ==Recent Additions==<br /> *[[Bolshoi Circus]]<br /> *[[Luisita Leers]]<br /> *[[Uzeyir Novruzov]]<br /> *[[Aniskin Troupe]]<br /> *[[Kris Kremo Interview 2007|Kris Kremo Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Yasmine Smart Interview 2007|Yasmine Smart Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Short History of the Circus|A Short History of the Circus]]<br /> *[[Anthony Gatto]]<br /> *[[Billy Smart]]<br /> *[[David Smart]]<br /> *[[Yasmin Smart]]<br /> *[[Kremo Family]]</div>

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<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__<br /> <br /> {| id="mp-topbanner" style="width:100%; background:#fcfcfc; margin-top:1.2em; border:1px solid #ccc;"<br /> |style="width:56%; color:#000"| <br /> {| style="width:280px; border:solid 0px; background:none;"<br /> |style="width:280px; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"|<br /> <div style="font-size:162%; border:none; margin:0; padding:.1em; color:#000;">Welcome to [[Circopedia]],</div><br /> <div style="top:+0.2em; font-size:95%;">the [[free content|free]] [[encyclopedia]] of the international circus.</div><br /> <div id="articlecount" style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-size:85%;">[[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]] articles in [[English language|English]]</div><br /> |}<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Artists and Acts|Artists and Acts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circus Arts|Circus Arts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circuses|Circuses]]<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Photo Archive|Photo Archive]]<br /> *[[:Category:Video Archive|Video Archive]]<br /> *[[Circus History]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Featured Performer==<br /> *[[Kris Kremo]] [[Image:KremoThreeHats.jpg|right|thumb|100px|Kremo w/3 Hats]]<br /> A true juggling legend, Kristian (Kris) Gaston Kremo was born in Paris in 1951, the son of Béla Kremo, a former icarist whose "Gentleman Juggler" act was famous the world over, and his wife Marianne, née Kalbitz, both Swiss citizens. [[Kris Kremo|more...]]<br /> <br /> ==Recent Additions==<br /> *[[Bolshoi Circus]]<br /> *[[Luisita Leers]]<br /> *[[Uzeyir Novruzov]]<br /> *[[Aniskin Troupe]]<br /> *[[Kris Kremo Interview 2007|Kris Kremo Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Yasmine Smart Interview 2007|Yasmine Smart Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Short History of the Circus|A Short History of the Circus]]<br /> *[[Anthony Gatto]]<br /> *[[Billy Smart]]<br /> *[[David Smart]]<br /> *[[Yasmin Smart]]<br /> *[[Kremo Family]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=478 Main Page 2008-09-04T01:37:41Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__<br /> <br /> {| id="mp-topbanner" style="width:100%; background:#fcfcfc; margin-top:1.2em; border:1px solid #ccc;"<br /> |style="width:56%; color:#000"| <br /> {| style="width:280px; border:solid 0px; background:none;"<br /> |style="width:280px; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"|<br /> <div style="font-size:162%; border:none; margin:0; padding:.1em; color:#000;">Welcome to [[Circopedia]],</div><br /> <div style="top:+0.2em; font-size:95%;">the [[free content|free]] [[encyclopedia]] of the international circus.</div><br /> <div id="articlecount" style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-size:85%;">[[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]] articles in [[English language|English]]</div><br /> |}<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Artists and Acts|Artists and Acts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circus Arts|Circus Arts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circuses|Circuses]]<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Photo Archive|Photo Archive]]<br /> *[[:Category:Video Archive|Video Archive]]<br /> *[[Circus History]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Featured Performer==<br /> *[[Kris Kremo]] [[Image:KremoThreeHats.jpg|right|thumb|100px|Kremo w/3 Hats]]<br /> A true juggling legend, Kristian (Kris) Gaston Kremo was born in Paris in 1951, the son of Béla Kremo, a former icarist whose "Gentleman Juggler" act was famous the world over, and his wife Marianne, née Kalbitz, both Swiss citizens. [[Kris Kremo|more...]]<br /> <br /> ==Recent Additions==<br /> *[[Bolshoi Circus]]<br /> *[[Luisita Leers]]<br /> *[[Uzeyir Novruzov]]<br /> *[[Aniskins Troupe]]<br /> *[[Kris Kremo Interview 2007|Kris Kremo Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Yasmine Smart Interview 2007|Yasmine Smart Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Short History of the Circus|A Short History of the Circus]]<br /> *[[Anthony Gatto]]<br /> *[[Billy Smart]]<br /> *[[David Smart]]<br /> *[[Yasmin Smart]]<br /> *[[Kremo Family]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=477 Main Page 2008-09-04T01:37:26Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__<br /> <br /> {| id="mp-topbanner" style="width:100%; background:#fcfcfc; margin-top:1.2em; border:1px solid #ccc;"<br /> |style="width:56%; color:#000"| <br /> {| style="width:280px; border:solid 0px; background:none;"<br /> |style="width:280px; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"|<br /> <div style="font-size:162%; border:none; margin:0; padding:.1em; color:#000;">Welcome to [[Circopedia]],</div><br /> <div style="top:+0.2em; font-size:95%;">the [[free content|free]] [[encyclopedia]] of the international circus.</div><br /> <div id="articlecount" style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-size:85%;">[[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]] articles in [[English language|English]]</div><br /> |}<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Artists and Acts|Artists and Acts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circus Arts|Circus Arts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circuses|Circuses]]<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Photo Archive|Photo Archive]]<br /> *[[:Category:Video Archive|Video Archive]]<br /> *[[Circus History]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Featured Performer==<br /> *[[Kris Kremo]] [[Image:KremoThreeHats.jpg|right|thumb|100px|Kremo w/3 Hats]]<br /> A true juggling legend, Kristian (Kris) Gaston Kremo was born in Paris in 1951, the son of Béla Kremo, a former icarist whose "Gentleman Juggler" act was famous the world over, and his wife Marianne, née Kalbitz, both Swiss citizens. [[Kris Kremo|more...]]<br /> <br /> ==Recent Additions==<br /> *[[Bolshoi Circus]]<br /> *[[Luisita Leers]]<br /> *[[Uzeyir Novruzov]]<br /> *[[The Aniskins Troupe]]<br /> *[[Kris Kremo Interview 2007|Kris Kremo Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Yasmine Smart Interview 2007|Yasmine Smart Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Short History of the Circus|A Short History of the Circus]]<br /> *[[Anthony Gatto]]<br /> *[[Billy Smart]]<br /> *[[David Smart]]<br /> *[[Yasmin Smart]]<br /> *[[Kremo Family]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Common.css&diff=476 MediaWiki:Common.css 2008-09-04T01:35:18Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>/** CSS placed here will be applied to all skins */<br /> #f-poweredbyico { display: none; }<br /> #f-copyrightico { display: none; }<br /> body.page-Main_Page h1.firstHeading { display:none; }</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=475 Main Page 2008-09-04T01:32:59Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__<br /> <br /> {| id="mp-topbanner" style="width:100%; background:#fcfcfc; margin-top:1.2em; border:1px solid #ccc;"<br /> |style="width:56%; color:#000"| <br /> {| style="width:280px; border:solid 0px; background:none;"<br /> |style="width:280px; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"|<br /> <div style="font-size:162%; border:none; margin:0; padding:.1em; color:#000;">Welcome to [[Circopedia]],</div><br /> <div style="top:+0.2em; font-size:95%;">the [[free content|free]] [[encyclopedia]] of the international circus.</div><br /> <div id="articlecount" style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-size:85%;">[[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]] articles in [[English language|English]]</div><br /> |}<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Artists and Acts|Artists and Acts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circus Arts|Circus Arts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circuses|Circuses]]<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Photo Archive|Photo Archive]]<br /> *[[:Category:Video Archive|Video Archive]]<br /> *[[Circus History]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Featured Performer==<br /> *[[Kris Kremo]] [[Image:KremoThreeHats.jpg|right|thumb|100px|Kremo w/3 Hats]]<br /> A true juggling legend, Kristian (Kris) Gaston Kremo was born in Paris in 1951, the son of Béla Kremo, a former icarist whose "Gentleman Juggler" act was famous the world over, and his wife Marianne, née Kalbitz, both Swiss citizens. [[Kris Kremo|more...]]<br /> <br /> ==Recent Additions==<br /> *[[Kris Kremo Interview 2007|Kris Kremo Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Yasmine Smart Interview 2007|Yasmine Smart Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Short History of the Circus|A Short History of the Circus]]<br /> *[[Anthony Gatto]]<br /> *[[Billy Smart]]<br /> *[[David Smart]]<br /> *[[Yasmin Smart]]<br /> *[[Kremo Family]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=474 Main Page 2008-09-04T01:32:45Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__<br /> <br /> {| id="mp-topbanner" style="width:100%; background:#fcfcfc; margin-top:1.2em; border:1px solid #ccc;"<br /> |style="width:56%; color:#000"| <br /> {| style="width:280px; border:solid 0px; background:none;"<br /> |style="width:280px; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"|<br /> <div style="font-size:162%; border:none; margin:0; padding:.1em; color:#000;">Welcome to [[Circopedia]],</div><br /> <div style="top:+0.2em; font-size:95%;">the [[free content|free]] [[encyclopedia]] of the international circus.</div><br /> <div id="articlecount" style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-size:85%;">[[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]] articles in [[English language|English]]</div><br /> |}<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Artists and Acts|Artists and Acts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circus Arts|Circus Arts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circuses|Circuses]]<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Photo Archive|Photo Archive]]<br /> *[[:Category:Video Archive|Video Archive]]<br /> *[[Circus History]]<br /> |}<!--<br /> <br /> ==Featured Performer==<br /> *[[Kris Kremo]] [[Image:KremoThreeHats.jpg|right|thumb|100px|Kremo w/3 Hats]]<br /> A true juggling legend, Kristian (Kris) Gaston Kremo was born in Paris in 1951, the son of Béla Kremo, a former icarist whose "Gentleman Juggler" act was famous the world over, and his wife Marianne, née Kalbitz, both Swiss citizens. [[Kris Kremo|more...]]<br /> <br /> ==Recent Additions==<br /> *[[Kris Kremo Interview 2007|Kris Kremo Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Yasmine Smart Interview 2007|Yasmine Smart Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Short History of the Circus|A Short History of the Circus]]<br /> *[[Anthony Gatto]]<br /> *[[Billy Smart]]<br /> *[[David Smart]]<br /> *[[Yasmin Smart]]<br /> *[[Kremo Family]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=473 Main Page 2008-09-04T01:31:54Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__<br /> <br /> {| id="mp-topbanner" style="width:100%; background:#fcfcfc; margin-top:1.2em; border:1px solid #ccc;"<br /> |style="width:56%; color:#000"| <br /> {| style="width:280px; border:solid 0px; background:none;"<br /> |style="width:280px; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"|<br /> <div style="font-size:162%; border:none; margin:0; padding:.1em; color:#000;">Welcome to [[Circopedia]],</div><br /> <div style="top:+0.2em; font-size:95%;">the [[free content|free]] [[encyclopedia]] of circus history.</div><br /> <div id="articlecount" style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-size:85%;">[[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]] articles in [[English language|English]]</div><br /> |}<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Artists and Acts|Artists and Acts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circus Arts|Circus Arts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circuses|Circuses]]<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Photo Archive|Photo Archive]]<br /> *[[:Category:Video Archive|Video Archive]]<br /> *[[Circus History]]<br /> |}<br /> {|id="mp-strapline" style="width:100%; background:none; margin:-.8em 0 -.7em 0;"<br /> |style="font-size:95%; padding:10px 0; margin:0px; text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"| [[Wikipedia:About|Overview]]&nbsp;'''·''' [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Editing]]&nbsp;'''·''' [[Wikipedia:Questions|Questions]]&nbsp;'''·''' [[Help:Contents|Help]]<br /> |style="font-size:95%; padding:10px 0; margin:0px; text-align: right; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"|<br /> [[Portal:Contents|Contents]]&nbsp;'''·''' [[Portal:Contents/Categorical index|Categories]]&nbsp;'''·''' [[Portal:Featured content|Featured content]]&nbsp;'''·''' [[Portal:Contents/Quick index|A–Z index]]<br /> |}<br /> <div id="mp-banner"> <br /> {{Main Page banner}}<br /> </div><br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Welcome to Circopedia==<br /> the free encyclopedia of the international circus.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Featured Performer==<br /> *[[Kris Kremo]] [[Image:KremoThreeHats.jpg|right|thumb|100px|Kremo w/3 Hats]]<br /> A true juggling legend, Kristian (Kris) Gaston Kremo was born in Paris in 1951, the son of Béla Kremo, a former icarist whose "Gentleman Juggler" act was famous the world over, and his wife Marianne, née Kalbitz, both Swiss citizens. [[Kris Kremo|more...]]<br /> <br /> ==Recent Additions==<br /> *[[Kris Kremo Interview 2007|Kris Kremo Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Yasmine Smart Interview 2007|Yasmine Smart Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Short History of the Circus|A Short History of the Circus]]<br /> *[[Anthony Gatto]]<br /> *[[Billy Smart]]<br /> *[[David Smart]]<br /> *[[Yasmin Smart]]<br /> *[[Kremo Family]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=472 Main Page 2008-09-04T01:31:39Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__<br /> <br /> {| id="mp-topbanner" style="width:100%; background:#fcfcfc; margin-top:1.2em; border:1px solid #ccc;"<br /> |style="width:56%; color:#000"| <br /> {| style="width:280px; border:solid 0px; background:none;"<br /> |style="width:280px; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"|<br /> <div style="font-size:162%; border:none; margin:0; padding:.1em; color:#000;">Welcome to [[Circopedia]],</div><br /> <div style="top:+0.2em; font-size:95%;">the [[free content|free]] [[encyclopedia]] of circus history.</div><br /> <div id="articlecount" style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-size:85%;">[[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]] articles in [[English language|English]]</div><br /> |}<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Artists and Acts|Artists and Acts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circus Arts|Circus Arts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circuses|Circuses]]<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Photo Archive|Photo Archive]]<br /> *[[:Category:Video Archive|Video Archive]]<br /> *[[Circus History]]<br /> *[[Links]]<br /> |}<br /> {|id="mp-strapline" style="width:100%; background:none; margin:-.8em 0 -.7em 0;"<br /> |style="font-size:95%; padding:10px 0; margin:0px; text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"| [[Wikipedia:About|Overview]]&nbsp;'''·''' [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Editing]]&nbsp;'''·''' [[Wikipedia:Questions|Questions]]&nbsp;'''·''' [[Help:Contents|Help]]<br /> |style="font-size:95%; padding:10px 0; margin:0px; text-align: right; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"|<br /> [[Portal:Contents|Contents]]&nbsp;'''·''' [[Portal:Contents/Categorical index|Categories]]&nbsp;'''·''' [[Portal:Featured content|Featured content]]&nbsp;'''·''' [[Portal:Contents/Quick index|A–Z index]]<br /> |}<br /> <div id="mp-banner"> <br /> {{Main Page banner}}<br /> </div><br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Welcome to Circopedia==<br /> the free encyclopedia of the international circus.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Featured Performer==<br /> *[[Kris Kremo]] [[Image:KremoThreeHats.jpg|right|thumb|100px|Kremo w/3 Hats]]<br /> A true juggling legend, Kristian (Kris) Gaston Kremo was born in Paris in 1951, the son of Béla Kremo, a former icarist whose "Gentleman Juggler" act was famous the world over, and his wife Marianne, née Kalbitz, both Swiss citizens. [[Kris Kremo|more...]]<br /> <br /> ==Recent Additions==<br /> *[[Kris Kremo Interview 2007|Kris Kremo Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Yasmine Smart Interview 2007|Yasmine Smart Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Short History of the Circus|A Short History of the Circus]]<br /> *[[Anthony Gatto]]<br /> *[[Billy Smart]]<br /> *[[David Smart]]<br /> *[[Yasmin Smart]]<br /> *[[Kremo Family]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=471 Main Page 2008-09-04T01:31:08Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__<br /> <br /> {| id="mp-topbanner" style="width:100%; background:#fcfcfc; margin-top:1.2em; border:1px solid #ccc;"<br /> |style="width:56%; color:#000"| <br /> {| style="width:280px; border:solid 0px; background:none;"<br /> |style="width:280px; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"|<br /> <div style="font-size:162%; border:none; margin:0; padding:.1em; color:#000;">Welcome to [[Circopedia]],</div><br /> <div style="top:+0.2em; font-size:95%;">the [[free content|free]] [[encyclopedia]] of circus history.</div><br /> <div id="articlecount" style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-size:85%;">[[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]] articles in [[English language|English]]</div><br /> |}<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> ==Categories==<br /> *[[:Category:Artists and Acts|Artists and Acts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circus Arts|Circus Arts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circuses|Circuses]]<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Photo Archive|Photo Archive]]<br /> *[[:Category:Video Archive|Video Archive]]<br /> *[[Circus History]]<br /> *[[Links]]<br /> |}<br /> {|id="mp-strapline" style="width:100%; background:none; margin:-.8em 0 -.7em 0;"<br /> |style="font-size:95%; padding:10px 0; margin:0px; text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"| [[Wikipedia:About|Overview]]&nbsp;'''·''' [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Editing]]&nbsp;'''·''' [[Wikipedia:Questions|Questions]]&nbsp;'''·''' [[Help:Contents|Help]]<br /> |style="font-size:95%; padding:10px 0; margin:0px; text-align: right; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"|<br /> [[Portal:Contents|Contents]]&nbsp;'''·''' [[Portal:Contents/Categorical index|Categories]]&nbsp;'''·''' [[Portal:Featured content|Featured content]]&nbsp;'''·''' [[Portal:Contents/Quick index|A–Z index]]<br /> |}<br /> <div id="mp-banner"> <br /> {{Main Page banner}}<br /> </div><br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Welcome to Circopedia==<br /> the free encyclopedia of the international circus.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Featured Performer==<br /> *[[Kris Kremo]] [[Image:KremoThreeHats.jpg|right|thumb|100px|Kremo w/3 Hats]]<br /> A true juggling legend, Kristian (Kris) Gaston Kremo was born in Paris in 1951, the son of Béla Kremo, a former icarist whose "Gentleman Juggler" act was famous the world over, and his wife Marianne, née Kalbitz, both Swiss citizens. [[Kris Kremo|more...]]<br /> <br /> ==Recent Additions==<br /> *[[Kris Kremo Interview 2007|Kris Kremo Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Yasmine Smart Interview 2007|Yasmine Smart Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Short History of the Circus|A Short History of the Circus]]<br /> *[[Anthony Gatto]]<br /> *[[Billy Smart]]<br /> *[[David Smart]]<br /> *[[Yasmin Smart]]<br /> *[[Kremo Family]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=470 Main Page 2008-09-04T01:29:43Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>__NOTOC__<br /> <br /> {| id="mp-topbanner" style="width:100%; background:#fcfcfc; margin-top:1.2em; border:1px solid #ccc;"<br /> |style="width:56%; color:#000"| <br /> {| style="width:280px; border:solid 0px; background:none;"<br /> |style="width:280px; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"|<br /> <div style="font-size:162%; border:none; margin:0; padding:.1em; color:#000;">Welcome to [[Circopedia]],</div><br /> <div style="top:+0.2em; font-size:95%;">the [[free content|free]] [[encyclopedia]] of circus history.</div><br /> <div id="articlecount" style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-size:85%;">[[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]] articles in [[English language|English]]</div><br /> |}<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> ==Categories==<br /> *[[:Category:Artists and Acts|Artists and Acts]]<br /> *[[:Category:Photo Archive|Photo Archive]]<br /> *[[:Category:Video Archive|Video Archive]]<br /> *[[:Category:Circus Arts|Circus Arts]]<br /> |style="width:11%; font-size:95%;"|<br /> *[[:Category:Circuses|Circuses]]<br /> *[[History]]<br /> *[[Links]]]<br /> |}<br /> {|id="mp-strapline" style="width:100%; background:none; margin:-.8em 0 -.7em 0;"<br /> |style="font-size:95%; padding:10px 0; margin:0px; text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"| [[Wikipedia:About|Overview]]&nbsp;'''·''' [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Editing]]&nbsp;'''·''' [[Wikipedia:Questions|Questions]]&nbsp;'''·''' [[Help:Contents|Help]]<br /> |style="font-size:95%; padding:10px 0; margin:0px; text-align: right; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"|<br /> [[Portal:Contents|Contents]]&nbsp;'''·''' [[Portal:Contents/Categorical index|Categories]]&nbsp;'''·''' [[Portal:Featured content|Featured content]]&nbsp;'''·''' [[Portal:Contents/Quick index|A–Z index]]<br /> |}<br /> <div id="mp-banner"> <br /> {{Main Page banner}}<br /> </div><br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Welcome to Circopedia==<br /> the free encyclopedia of the international circus.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Featured Performer==<br /> *[[Kris Kremo]] [[Image:KremoThreeHats.jpg|right|thumb|100px|Kremo w/3 Hats]]<br /> A true juggling legend, Kristian (Kris) Gaston Kremo was born in Paris in 1951, the son of Béla Kremo, a former icarist whose "Gentleman Juggler" act was famous the world over, and his wife Marianne, née Kalbitz, both Swiss citizens. [[Kris Kremo|more...]]<br /> <br /> ==Recent Additions==<br /> *[[Kris Kremo Interview 2007|Kris Kremo Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Yasmine Smart Interview 2007|Yasmine Smart Interview (Jando 2007)]]<br /> *[[Short History of the Circus|A Short History of the Circus]]<br /> *[[Anthony Gatto]]<br /> *[[Billy Smart]]<br /> *[[David Smart]]<br /> *[[Yasmin Smart]]<br /> *[[Kremo Family]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Common.css&diff=469 MediaWiki:Common.css 2008-09-04T01:24:48Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>/** CSS placed here will be applied to all skins */<br /> #f-poweredbyico { display: none; }<br /> #f-copyrightico { display: none; }</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Common.css&diff=468 MediaWiki:Common.css 2008-09-04T01:23:11Z

<p>Admin: New page: /** CSS placed here will be applied to all skins */ #f-poweredbyico { display: none; }</p> <hr /> <div>/** CSS placed here will be applied to all skins */<br /> #f-poweredbyico { display: none; }</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Yasmine_Smart&diff=466 Yasmine Smart 2008-09-04T01:20:35Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>==Equestrienne==<br /> <br /> ''By Dominique Jando''<br /> <br /> Born in Windsor, England, Nov. 24, 1953, Yasmine Smart is the daughter of [[David Smart]] (1929-2007) and Olga Elleano-Stey (b. 1932 in a Swiss family of wirewalkers), and the granddaughter of the famous English showman, [[Billy Smart]]. Yasmine made her debut in the ring at age 11, at Billy Smart's New World Circus, with a group of 12 Shetland ponies. She was tutored in horse and animal training by John Gindl, who was at the time Billy Smart's Circus’s head trainer. Although an equestrienne by choice, Yasmine worked as well with exotic animals and elephants--animals she presented in other British circuses, such as Blackpool’s Tower Circus, and Belle Vue Circus in Manchester, after Billy Smart's Circus folded its tents in 1971. She also presented horses for other circuses, notably for Circus Krone and Circus Hagenbeck (Germany), and Circus Knie (Switzerland). In addition she became a celebrated "Ringmistress"--a role she originated at the Billy Smart’s Circus Christmas Spectacular, a BBC Holiday special that continued airing for several years after the Billy Smart's Circus had ceased touring. It is in that capacity that she participated for the first time in the International Circus Festival of Monte-Carlo in 1975. The following year, she presented a group of horses "at liberty" from Circus Krone at a Royal Command Performance for Queen Elizabeth II's Silver Jubilee at Windsor. In 1980 she purchased a group of 10 Arab stallions, which she trained herself, and with which she worked until 2003, when she went to the US to perform as Equestrian Director at the Big Apple Circus. In 1981, she participated again in the International Circus Festival of Monte-Carlo--as an equestrienne this time--and won the prestigious "Dame du Cirque" award. She returned to the Festival in 1985 to win the coveted Silver Clown award for her "liberty" act, and she was awarded a second time "La Dame du Cirque" in 1995. She was thus the first British artist to be awarded in Monte-Carlo, and the only artist to have been awarded three times. Among many other venues, Yasmine Smart has been featured with Circus Jacobi-Althoff and Circus Roncalli (Germany), Liana Orfei's Golden Circus Festival (Italy), and the Big Apple Circus (USA), where she spent four seasons, creating a new act each season. Yasmine has also been featured in several horse shows and festivals in Germany and France, and on several TV shows in Europe. In 2007, she was a Jury at the International Festival of Monte-Carlo. Yasmine Smart married Dany Cesar (Bradford) in 1978; they separated in 1989.<br /> <br /> ===See also===<br /> <br /> * [[Yasmine Smart Interview 2007]]<br /> * [[Billy Smart]]<br /> * [[David Smart]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Artists and Acts|Smart,Yasmine]][[Category:Equestrienne|Smart, Yasmine]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Billy_Smart&diff=464 Billy Smart 2008-09-04T01:19:23Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>==Circus Owner and Impresario==<br /> <br /> ''By Dominique Jando''<br /> <br /> A larger-than-life character, Billy Smart (1894-1966) was born April 25, 1894, in a family of 23 children. His father had owned a small furniture moving company in West Ealing, England, but business must have been bad (not to mention the hardship caused by trying to provide for his huge family), or perhaps Mr. Smart, Sr. had a longing for adventure, for at age 15, young Billy was operating his father's hand-cranked roundabout on a fairground at Slouth. This was apparently his debut as a showman, although he may have been traveling with his father since early childhood. Billy Smart married his wife, Nelly Rigby, later known as "Doll" or "Dolly," in 1925, and then embarked in his own funfair venture. Success didn't come immediately: at times, he had to moonlight to make ends meet, and on one occasion, his fellow funfair entrepreneur (and future leisure industry magnate), Billy Butlin, helped him out, which resulted in a lifelong friendship. Hard work paid however, and by the late 1930s, Billy Smart owned one of Great Britain's most important traveling funfairs, with about 10 rides and several other attractions, some of which participated in the spectacular indoor funfair that ran at London's Olympia during the Christmas season, in conjunction with Bertram Mill's Circus. Billy Smart was a true showman: his enterprise was by no means a vulgar carnival, but a well managed operation, with attendants in resplendent uniforms, colorful rides, and brightly painted trucks. His name was displayed prominently everywhere, and it soon became a guarantee of quality family amusement. The secret of his financial success was also his huge family: his numerous children -- he had 10: Peggy, Ena, Ronnie, Hazel, Penny, Phyllis, Dolly, [[David Smart|David]], Billy, Jr., and Rosie -- covered in due time all positions within the organization where money had to be handled. During the WWII, Billy Smart did his best to keep the home front's morale high; he also continued the charity work he had started when his had become a household name. <br /> <br /> A horse lover since childhood, Billy Smart had long caressed the dream of having his own circus. He saw the perfect opportunity in the spectacular boom the British entertainment industry experienced immediately after WWII. In 1946, he purchased a second-hand circus tent, all the necessary equipment to go with it, and the Billy Smart's New World Circus became the latest addition to Billy Smart's funfair. It gave its first performance on April 5, 1946 at Southall Park, Middlesex. By 1952, the funfair, which had been increasingly overshadowed by the circus, disappeared to leave room for a bona-fide menagerie. Three years later, the two-poler was replaced by a giant 6,000-seat, four-pole round big top, with a hippodrome track around the ring, and a vast entrance tent. The hippodrome track allowed the staging of parades, Wild West presentations and spectacles, which became a Billy Smart's Circus trademark. In just a few years, it had become one of the largest circuses in Europe; in 1960, its menagerie carried more than 40 horses, 15 elephants, and a large variety of exotic and wild animals. For the winter season, Billy Smart also produced sedentary shows, in theaters first, then in halls such as Bingley Hall in Birmingham, and Queen's Hall in Leeds, and he rented out his animal acts to other winter shows. On October 28, 1958, the circus pitched its tents at Slough, the place of Billy Smart's humble beginnings as a roundabout operator, where the popular director celebrated his fifty years as a showman for a BBC television special. The BBC started broadcasting television specials from Billy Smart's Circus in 1947; over the years, Billy Smart's Christmas Spectacular would become a BBC Holiday tradition, which ITV took over in 1979 and carried on until 1982. <br /> <br /> A man of imposing stature, with his large Stetson hat, his inevitable cigar and his unique flair for self-promotion and publicity, Billy Smart was a colorful character, a generous philanthropist, and a family man with a dry sense of humor who enjoyed a good parade and a rousing brass band -- both of which were indeed prominent features of his circus. On September 25, 1966, Billy Smart was conducting the Romford Boys' Band in front of his mammoth circus tent, which had been set up in the morning at Ipswich for a two-week stand. Several thousand people enjoyed the concert, a typical Billy Smart's publicity stint. Then he returned to his luxurious caravan for a cup of tea, and collapsed: the Guv'nor, as he was popularly known in the circus, had given his last performance. Sir Billy Butlin, his old friend from his fairground days, said to the press that Billy Smart "was the greatest showman of his time -- and probably the last of the great showmen." Under the management of his sons, Ronnie, David and Billy, Jr., The Billy Smart's New World Circus survived his founder as a traveling circus for only five years: by 1970, new economic conditions didn't allow a circus to survive in Great Britain on such a gigantic scale, and the giant folded its tents in 1971. (It has been revived in 1993 on a smaller scale.)<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> *Pamela Macgregor Morris, ''Spinners of the Big Top.'' London, Chatto & Windus, 1960. <br /> *David Jamieson, ''Billy Smart's Circus, A Pictorial History.'' Buntingford, Aardvark Publishing, 2004.<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> <br /> * [[David Smart]]<br /> * [[Yasmine Smart]]<br /> * [[Yasmine Smart Interview 2007]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Artists and Acts|Smart, Billy]][[Category:Impresario|Smart,Billy]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Anthony_Gatto&diff=463 Anthony Gatto 2008-09-04T01:17:53Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>==Juggler==<br /> <br /> ''By Dominique Jando''<br /> <br /> Anthony Gatto was born in Manhattan, New York, in 1973, but spent his early childhood in Ellicott City, Maryland. It is there that he picked up his first ball and embarked in a remarkable journey that would change the juggling world, and make him known as “The World’s Greatest Juggler.” His coach was his father, Nick Gatto a former acrobat who had a brilliant career on the vaudeville and nightclub circuits with his act, The 3 Gatos. <br /> <br /> Nick soon realized that his son had a profound feel and understanding of object manipulation: at age 8, Anthony entered his first international juggling competition and walked away with a gold medal. He then made an appearance on the television show ''That's Incredible'', where an agent noticed him and sent him two years later (1983) to the Festival Mondial du Cirque de Demain in Paris. There Anthony performed in front of all the major circus and variety directors and agents, and won the coveted Gold Medal. He was immediately offered numerous contracts from America to Australia, and at age 10, he was playing the Flamingo Hilton in Las Vegas! During these years, Anthony made periodic appearances in Europe, and performed at a Royal Command Performance in England for the Queen Mother. In addition, he competed in circus festivals in Italy, Belgium, and Mexico, each time earning Gold. <br /> <br /> In his late teen years, he broke every known juggling record, and continued breaking his own records consistently: to this day (2008), he still holds every meaningful juggling record in existence. Anthony met his wife, Danielle, a dancer, in Branson, Missouri; they married in 1999 and, after six months, she joined Anthony’s act, giving it a new flair as his assistant. In 2000, Anthony participated in the International Circus Festival of Monte-Carlo, where he was the first juggler ever to win the prestigious Gold Clown award. He returned to Monte-Carlo for a history-making appearance with another juggling legend, [[Kris Kremo]], for the Festival’s tribute to Prince Rainier III in 2006. Anthony has been featured in the world’s top venues, including the Lido in Paris, TigerPalast in Frankfurt, Wintergarten in Berlin, and the Monte-Carlo Sporting Club, among many others, and in Cirque du Soleil’s production of ''Kooza''.<br /> <br /> [[Category:Artists and Acts|Gatto, Anthony]]<br /> [[Category:Juggler|Gatto, Anthony]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=B%C3%A9la_Kremo&diff=462 Béla Kremo 2008-09-04T01:17:35Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>==Juggler==<br /> <br /> ''By Dominique Jando''<br /> <br /> Béla Kremo (Berlin, 1911-Zurich, 1979) was born Béla José Kremo in Berlin, but was a Swiss citizen. The son of Karl Kremo and his wife Margarethe, née Hanus, he debuted in his father's famous Risley act when he was five-year old. He soon showed great abilities as a juggler, an art he learnt in part by watching a friend of his father's, the legendary Enrico Rastelli, and which became his hobby. When time came to create his juggling act, Béla Kremo managed to distance himself from the oft-imitated style of the juggling master, and to create a style of his own. He debuted his solo-juggling act in 1931 at the Apollo Theater in Aalborg, Sweden, under the name Trenton, as the Kremos' "second act;" he began using his own name in 1934. Béla Kremo is credited with originating the three-object juggling routine, working solely with groups of three objects--3 balls, 3 hats, and 3 cigar boxes, and a bowler hat, a cigar and a pair of gloves rolled together. His act was known as the "Gentleman Juggler:" Béla Kremo used ordinary objects that were part of a perfect gentleman's panoply, having them on stage or in the ring on a simple chair, instead of the traditional prop table or basket. His was an act built on a unique mixture of difficult juggling skills and a good dose of comedy. His first wife, Welda, died in a car accident in 1939. He married a second time with Marianne Kalbitz; their son [[Kris Kremo|Kris]] (born in 1951) joined Béla's act in 1970: father and son both worked the same energetic routine in perfect unison, which resulted in spectacular effects. Belá Kremo retired from performing in 1976, leaving his son Kris brilliantly perpetrate the "Gentleman Juggler" routine as a solo performer.<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> <br /> * [[Kremo Family]]<br /> * [[Kris Kremo]]<br /> * [[Kris_Kremo_Interview_2007|Interview with Kris Kremo (Jando 2007)]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Artists and Acts|Kremo, Bela]]<br /> [[Category:Icarist (Risley Act)|Kremo, Bela]]<br /> [[Category:Juggler|Kremo, Bela]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Kris_Kremo&diff=461 Kris Kremo 2008-09-04T01:17:05Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>== Juggler==<br /> <br /> ''By Dominique Jando''<br /> <br /> [[Image:KremoThreeHats.jpg|right|thumb|100px|Kremo w/3 Hats]]A true juggling legend, Kristian (Kris) Gaston Kremo was born in Paris in 1951, the son of [[Bela_Kremo|Béla Kremo]], a former icarist whose "Gentleman Juggler" act was famous the world over, and his wife Marianne, née Kalbitz, both Swiss citizens. Kris went to school in Switzerland, often joining during his summer vacations the circuses his father toured with. There he learned various circus disciplines, which he performed with other circus kids in amateur shows--and there his father began training him as a juggler, discouraging him to pursue an acrobatic career. Kris's juggling education was carried out the rest of the year through written instructions his father sent him by mail. (Béla Kremo checked his son's progress each time he returned home.) <br /> <br /> At 15, Kris began juggling in amateur shows, before turning professional a few years later. In 1970, at age 19, he partnered with his father Béla in an act in which father and son performed the same routine in unison and at dizzying speed, with series of three objects (three balls, three hats, three cigar boxes...) that were Béla Kremo's trademark. Kris Kremo began his solo career in 1975, and signed his first circus season with the Blackpool Tower Circus in England. His success was immediate, and he embarked onto a brilliant international career with an act reminiscent of his father's, but significantly improved----notably with triple and quadruple pirouettes while juggling his cigar boxes. <br /> <br /> Kris Kremo has performed for Queen Elizabeth of England and King Carl Gustav of Sweden, and has been featured for a record eleven consecutive years (1978-1989) at the Stardust Hotel in Las Vegas. An American and Swiss citizen, Kris Kremo is married to Russian hula-hoop artist, Yelena Larkina.<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> <br /> * [http://www.jugglingdb.com/search/search.php?search=Kris+Kremo&submit1=+Go+&category=videos Internet Juggling Database: Kris Kremo]<br /> * [http://www.veress.se/kriskremo.htm Veress Entertainment]<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> <br /> * [[Kremo Family]]<br /> * [[Bela Kremo|Béla Kremo]]<br /> * [[Kris_Kremo_Interview_2007|Interview with Kris Kremo (Jando 2007)]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Artists and Acts|Kremo, Kris]]<br /> [[Category:Juggler|Kremo, Kris]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Luisita_Leers&diff=460 Luisita Leers 2008-09-04T01:16:27Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>==Aerialist==<br /> <br /> ''By Dominique Jando''<br /> <br /> [[Image:Luisita Leers.jpg|right|thumb|100px|Luisita Leers]]Luisita Leers (Luise Krökel) was born in Wiesbaden, Germany, on October 14, 1909. Her mother, Gertrude, was a member of the Reichenbach family: Quite a strong woman, she acquired fame with an elegant and unusual acrobatic act, Les Leandros, in which she was the under-stander. Luisita never knew her biological father, who left the family when she was only two years old. Her mother remarried with Guido Krökel, an aerial contortionist who worked with the [[Leers-Arvello Troupe]]; their act combined [[Roman Rings]] and acrobatic pyramids, and was mostly an aerial display of strength. Guido took care of Luisita's artistic education without too much tenderness, and made of her an amazingly strong female athlete (obviously the product of her mother's genes) able to hold her own in the Leers-Arvellos's various exhibitions of strength. Luisita made her professional debut at age 11, on March 8, 1920 in Cologne (Köln), working with the troupe on the Roman Rings. Soon, she was able to accomplish one-arm "planges" and an "iron cross" (which were then supposed to belong exclusively to a male repertoire), and to hold with one arm her hanging stepfather. Meanwhile, she was building a solo trapeze act in which she could display her unusual strength, and with which she began a solo career in 1926. <br /> <br /> [[Image:Luisita Leers trap.jpg|right|thumb|100px|Luisita Leers Trap]]<br /> <br /> Her remarkable trapeze act quickly became a headliner and took her to some of the world's most prestigious circuses and variety theaters&#8212;from the Wintergarten and the Scala in Berlin to the Roxy in New York&#8212;with a four-year stint with [[Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey]] from 1928-33. There, she occupied center ring in a program often particularly rich in stellar aerialists&#8212;such as Lillian Leitzel, who was the undisputed star of the show, Winnie Colleano, the Codonas, and the Siegrist-Silbons. Her act included a neck-hang on the trapeze bar while doing a "side leg scale," (vertical split holding one leg up), a one-arm "plange" (or "planche"), and a spectacular series of back rotations around the trapeze bar. The most she did in performance was 139 rotations, but she believed she was able to do up to 180 without any major stress. When she appeared for the first time at Paris' legendary [[Cirque Medrano]] in March 1935, the Paris correspondent of ''Variety'', the top American trade paper, described her thus: "Luisita Leers stops the show at Medrano this fortnight&#8230; [She] is not only a remarkable performer, from a purely acrobatic viewpoint, but has one of those smiles that knocks 'em over and a body that remains beautiful in spite of its extraordinary muscles. She works high without a net. Muscular control is so perfect that her stuff looks easy, but when she hangs by the back of her neck, apparently just as easily as she did her simpler introductory turns, audience realizes there was something to it all along." (''Variety'', 20 March 1935) <br /> <br /> Luisita continued working intermittently in the U.S. until 1936, appearing in other circus shows and in vaudeville, and then returned definitely to Germany&#8212;where the Nazi had seized power, paving the way to World War II. At which point she found herself trapped in her own country; she was eventually unable to work (or train for that matter), and to make matters worse, the family house was destroyed during the Allies' bombing, along with her props and costumes. At age 36, out of shape, and without equipment or money, Luisita was unable to resume her career once the war over. She settled in Braunschweig, in Lower Saxony, where she met her husband, Gerhard Glage (whom she married on August 30, 1952), found employment as a translator, and eventually created her own translating agency. An artist to the end, she also took an interest in sculpture, for which she showed an evident talent.<br /> <br /> ==Image Gallery==<br /> <br /> <gallery><br /> Image:Luisita Leers.jpg|Luisita Leers<br /> Image:Luisita Leers trap.jpg|Luisita Leers Trap<br /> Image:Luisita Leers backlot.jpg|Luisita Leers Backlot<br /> Image:Luisita Leers climbing.jpg|Luisita Leers Climbing<br /> Image:Luisita Leers portrait.jpg|Luisita Leers Portrait<br /> </gallery><br /> <br /> [[Category:Artists and Acts|Leers, Luisita]]<br /> [[Category:Aerialist|Leers, Luisita]]<br /> [[Category:Flying Trapeze|Leers, Luisita]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Uzeyir_Novruzov&diff=459 Uzeyir Novruzov 2008-09-04T01:15:52Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>==Free Ladder==<br /> <br /> ''By Dominique Jando''<br /> <br /> Uzeyir Novruzov was born in Eysk, Russia, in a family of Azerbaijani origins. As a teenager, Uzeyir attended music school and unbounded his energy in "amateur circuses," the Russian equivalent of youth circus schools. He ended up, quite unnaturally, in a cooking institute. Yet, Uzeyir never gave up his circus ambitions and continued his acrobatic training. He showed a natural gift for balance, and his joyful energy combined with his musical and dancing abilities didn’t remained unnoticed: In 1995, he was accepted at the illustrious Moscow’s circus school, the [[State Circus and Variety College]]. He graduated three years later with his unsupported ladder act (free ladder), and soon after was a laureate of the [[All-Union Circus Competition]], arguably one of the world’s most difficult circus competitions, considering the very high level of circus training in Russia. He then became a member of Moscow’s Bolshoï Circus, on Vernadsky Boulevard (one of the Russian capital’s two permanent circuses), where he was remarked by the [[Big Apple Circus]]. Uzeyir came to the US in 2002, and was featured in the [[Big Apple Circus]]’s production of [[2002 Novruzov_Uzeyir_Video | Dreams of a City]]. He then remained in North America, and has since appeared with his free ladder act in [[Cirque du Soleil’s Corteo]].<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> <br /> * [[2002 Novruzov_Uzeyir_Video | Uzeyir Novruzov, Free Ladder, in the Big Apple Circus production of Dreams of a City]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Artists and Acts|Novruzov,Uzeyir]][[Category:Free Ladder|Novruzon, Uzeyir]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Luisita_Leers&diff=457 Luisita Leers 2008-09-04T01:14:37Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>==Aerialist==<br /> <br /> ''By Dominique Jando''<br /> <br /> [[Image:Luisita Leers.jpg|right|thumb|100px|Luisita Leers]]Luisita Leers (Luise Krökel) was born in Wiesbaden, Germany, on October 14, 1909. Her mother, Gertrude, was a member of the Reichenbach family: Quite a strong woman, she acquired fame with an elegant and unusual acrobatic act, Les Leandros, in which she was the under-stander. Luisita never knew her biological father, who left the family when she was only two years old. Her mother remarried with Guido Krökel, an aerial contortionist who worked with the [[Leers-Arvello Troupe]]; their act combined [[Roman Rings]] and acrobatic pyramids, and was mostly an aerial display of strength. Guido took care of Luisita's artistic education without too much tenderness, and made of her an amazingly strong female athlete (obviously the product of her mother's genes) able to hold her own in the Leers-Arvellos's various exhibitions of strength. Luisita made her professional debut at age 11, on March 8, 1920 in Cologne (Köln), working with the troupe on the Roman Rings. Soon, she was able to accomplish one-arm "planges" and an "iron cross" (which were then supposed to belong exclusively to a male repertoire), and to hold with one arm her hanging stepfather. Meanwhile, she was building a solo trapeze act in which she could display her unusual strength, and with which she began a solo career in 1926. <br /> <br /> [[Image:Luisita Leers trap.jpg|right|thumb|100px|Luisita Leers Trap]]<br /> <br /> Her remarkable trapeze act quickly became a headliner and took her to some of the world's most prestigious circuses and variety theaters&#8212;from the Wintergarten and the Scala in Berlin to the Roxy in New York&#8212;with a four-year stint with [[Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey]] from 1928-33. There, she occupied center ring in a program often particularly rich in stellar aerialists&#8212;such as Lillian Leitzel, who was the undisputed star of the show, Winnie Colleano, the Codonas, and the Siegrist-Silbons. Her act included a neck-hang on the trapeze bar while doing a "side leg scale," (vertical split holding one leg up), a one-arm "plange" (or "planche"), and a spectacular series of back rotations around the trapeze bar. The most she did in performance was 139 rotations, but she believed she was able to do up to 180 without any major stress. When she appeared for the first time at Paris' legendary [[Cirque Medrano]] in March 1935, the Paris correspondent of ''Variety'', the top American trade paper, described her thus: "Luisita Leers stops the show at Medrano this fortnight&#8230; [She] is not only a remarkable performer, from a purely acrobatic viewpoint, but has one of those smiles that knocks 'em over and a body that remains beautiful in spite of its extraordinary muscles. She works high without a net. Muscular control is so perfect that her stuff looks easy, but when she hangs by the back of her neck, apparently just as easily as she did her simpler introductory turns, audience realizes there was something to it all along." (''Variety'', 20 March 1935) <br /> <br /> Luisita continued working intermittently in the U.S. until 1936, appearing in other circus shows and in vaudeville, and then returned definitely to Germany&#8212;where the Nazi had seized power, paving the way to World War II. At which point she found herself trapped in her own country; she was eventually unable to work (or train for that matter), and to make matters worse, the family house was destroyed during the Allies' bombing, along with her props and costumes. At age 36, out of shape, and without equipment or money, Luisita was unable to resume her career once the war over. She settled in Braunschweig, in Lower Saxony, where she met her husband, Gerhard Glage (whom she married on August 30, 1952), found employment as a translator, and eventually created her own translating agency. An artist to the end, she also took an interest in sculpture, for which she showed an evident talent.<br /> <br /> ==Image Gallery==<br /> <br /> <gallery><br /> Image:Luisita Leers.jpg|Luisita Leers<br /> Image:Luisita Leers trap.jpg|Luisita Leers Trap<br /> Image:Luisita Leers backlot.jpg|Luisita Leers Backlot<br /> Image:Luisita Leers climbing.jpg|Luisita Leers Climbing<br /> Image:Luisita Leers portrait.jpg|Luisita Leers Portrait<br /> </gallery><br /> <br /> [[Category:Artists and Acts|Leers, Luisita]]<br /> [[Category:Aerialist]]<br /> [[Category:Flying Trapeze]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=B%C3%A9la_Kremo&diff=456 Béla Kremo 2008-09-04T01:12:57Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>==Juggler==<br /> <br /> ''By Dominique Jando''<br /> <br /> Béla Kremo (Berlin, 1911-Zurich, 1979) was born Béla José Kremo in Berlin, but was a Swiss citizen. The son of Karl Kremo and his wife Margarethe, née Hanus, he debuted in his father's famous Risley act when he was five-year old. He soon showed great abilities as a juggler, an art he learnt in part by watching a friend of his father's, the legendary Enrico Rastelli, and which became his hobby. When time came to create his juggling act, Béla Kremo managed to distance himself from the oft-imitated style of the juggling master, and to create a style of his own. He debuted his solo-juggling act in 1931 at the Apollo Theater in Aalborg, Sweden, under the name Trenton, as the Kremos' "second act;" he began using his own name in 1934. Béla Kremo is credited with originating the three-object juggling routine, working solely with groups of three objects--3 balls, 3 hats, and 3 cigar boxes, and a bowler hat, a cigar and a pair of gloves rolled together. His act was known as the "Gentleman Juggler:" Béla Kremo used ordinary objects that were part of a perfect gentleman's panoply, having them on stage or in the ring on a simple chair, instead of the traditional prop table or basket. His was an act built on a unique mixture of difficult juggling skills and a good dose of comedy. His first wife, Welda, died in a car accident in 1939. He married a second time with Marianne Kalbitz; their son [[Kris Kremo|Kris]] (born in 1951) joined Béla's act in 1970: father and son both worked the same energetic routine in perfect unison, which resulted in spectacular effects. Belá Kremo retired from performing in 1976, leaving his son Kris brilliantly perpetrate the "Gentleman Juggler" routine as a solo performer.<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> <br /> * [[Kremo Family]]<br /> * [[Kris Kremo]]<br /> * [[Kris_Kremo_Interview_2007|Interview with Kris Kremo (Jando 2007)]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Artists and Acts|Kremo, Bela]]<br /> [[Category:Icarist (Risley Act)]]<br /> [[Category:Juggler]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Kris_Kremo&diff=455 Kris Kremo 2008-09-04T01:12:43Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>== Juggler==<br /> <br /> ''By Dominique Jando''<br /> <br /> [[Image:KremoThreeHats.jpg|right|thumb|100px|Kremo w/3 Hats]]A true juggling legend, Kristian (Kris) Gaston Kremo was born in Paris in 1951, the son of [[Bela_Kremo|Béla Kremo]], a former icarist whose "Gentleman Juggler" act was famous the world over, and his wife Marianne, née Kalbitz, both Swiss citizens. Kris went to school in Switzerland, often joining during his summer vacations the circuses his father toured with. There he learned various circus disciplines, which he performed with other circus kids in amateur shows--and there his father began training him as a juggler, discouraging him to pursue an acrobatic career. Kris's juggling education was carried out the rest of the year through written instructions his father sent him by mail. (Béla Kremo checked his son's progress each time he returned home.) <br /> <br /> At 15, Kris began juggling in amateur shows, before turning professional a few years later. In 1970, at age 19, he partnered with his father Béla in an act in which father and son performed the same routine in unison and at dizzying speed, with series of three objects (three balls, three hats, three cigar boxes...) that were Béla Kremo's trademark. Kris Kremo began his solo career in 1975, and signed his first circus season with the Blackpool Tower Circus in England. His success was immediate, and he embarked onto a brilliant international career with an act reminiscent of his father's, but significantly improved----notably with triple and quadruple pirouettes while juggling his cigar boxes. <br /> <br /> Kris Kremo has performed for Queen Elizabeth of England and King Carl Gustav of Sweden, and has been featured for a record eleven consecutive years (1978-1989) at the Stardust Hotel in Las Vegas. An American and Swiss citizen, Kris Kremo is married to Russian hula-hoop artist, Yelena Larkina.<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> <br /> * [http://www.jugglingdb.com/search/search.php?search=Kris+Kremo&submit1=+Go+&category=videos Internet Juggling Database: Kris Kremo]<br /> * [http://www.veress.se/kriskremo.htm Veress Entertainment]<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> <br /> * [[Kremo Family]]<br /> * [[Bela Kremo|Béla Kremo]]<br /> * [[Kris_Kremo_Interview_2007|Interview with Kris Kremo (Jando 2007)]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Artists and Acts|Kremo, Kris]]<br /> [[Category:Juggler]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Kremo_Family&diff=453 Kremo Family 2008-09-04T01:11:32Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>==Icarists (Risley Act)==<br /> <br /> ''By Dominique Jando''<br /> <br /> The Kremos, a Swiss family of acrobats. produced two generations of remarkable icarists. The original Kremo troupe was created c.1880 by Josef Kremo (1854-1917 -- real name: Kremka, of Czech origins), with his two eldest sons, Sylvester and Karl. Josef Kremo had been trained by the Scheffers (correct spelling: Schäffer), an Austrian family of acrobats, and the most prominent Risley act of the late 19th century. Josef and his wife, Swiss equestrienne Franzisca Allinger (1858-1940), had 13 children, 12 of who eventually participated in the Risley family act; at least three of them, Anton, Franziska and Victor, could perform a triple somersault on the feet of their father. Sylvester, Josef's eldest son (1881-1962) and Karl, his younger brother (1882-1958), continued the family tradition, each with his own troupe. The "Sylvester Kremo Family" troupe consisted of Sylvester and his daughters, Sylvia and Selna. More important, the "Karl Kremo Family" consisted of Karl, his brother Mark (1888-1945), his wife Margrit (1891-1923 -- born Hanus in Hungary), and their children, Bellona, [[Bela Kremo|Béla]], Bianca, and Bert, and occasional partners. The "Karl Kremo Family" brilliantly continued the Kremo tradition, performing in Europe's leading circuses and variety theaters until the 1930s. One of Karl's sons, Béla Kremo, later became a world-famous juggler.<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> <br /> * [[Bela Kremo|Béla Kremo]]<br /> * [[Kris Kremo]]<br /> * [[Kris_Kremo_Interview_2007|Interview with Kris Kremo (Jando 2007)]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Artists and Acts]]<br /> [[Category:Icarist (Risley Act)]]<br /> [[Category:Juggler]]</div>

Admin https://www.circopedia.org/index.php?title=Anthony_Gatto&diff=451 Anthony Gatto 2008-09-04T01:10:20Z

<p>Admin: </p> <hr /> <div>==Juggler==<br /> <br /> ''By Dominique Jando''<br /> <br /> Anthony Gatto was born in Manhattan, New York, in 1973, but spent his early childhood in Ellicott City, Maryland. It is there that he picked up his first ball and embarked in a remarkable journey that would change the juggling world, and make him known as “The World’s Greatest Juggler.” His coach was his father, Nick Gatto a former acrobat who had a brilliant career on the vaudeville and nightclub circuits with his act, The 3 Gatos. <br /> <br /> Nick soon realized that his son had a profound feel and understanding of object manipulation: at age 8, Anthony entered his first international juggling competition and walked away with a gold medal. He then made an appearance on the television show ''That's Incredible'', where an agent noticed him and sent him two years later (1983) to the Festival Mondial du Cirque de Demain in Paris. There Anthony performed in front of all the major circus and variety directors and agents, and won the coveted Gold Medal. He was immediately offered numerous contracts from America to Australia, and at age 10, he was playing the Flamingo Hilton in Las Vegas! During these years, Anthony made periodic appearances in Europe, and performed at a Royal Command Performance in England for the Queen Mother. In addition, he competed in circus festivals in Italy, Belgium, and Mexico, each time earning Gold. <br /> <br /> In his late teen years, he broke every known juggling record, and continued breaking his own records consistently: to this day (2008), he still holds every meaningful juggling record in existence. Anthony met his wife, Danielle, a dancer, in Branson, Missouri; they married in 1999 and, after six months, she joined Anthony’s act, giving it a new flair as his assistant. In 2000, Anthony participated in the International Circus Festival of Monte-Carlo, where he was the first juggler ever to win the prestigious Gold Clown award. He returned to Monte-Carlo for a history-making appearance with another juggling legend, [[Kris Kremo]], for the Festival’s tribute to Prince Rainier III in 2006. Anthony has been featured in the world’s top venues, including the Lido in Paris, TigerPalast in Frankfurt, Wintergarten in Berlin, and the Monte-Carlo Sporting Club, among many others, and in Cirque du Soleil’s production of ''Kooza''.<br /> <br /> [[Category:Artists and Acts|Gatto, Anthony]]<br /> [[Category:Juggler]]</div>

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