Main Page - Revision history

Djando at 05:35, 6 September 2026

2026-09-06T05:35:24Z

Djando at 23:55, 1 September 2026

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Djando at 23:54, 1 September 2026

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Djando at 05:53, 1 September 2026

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Djando at 20:49, 31 August 2026

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Djando at 20:25, 31 August 2026

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Djando at 23:51, 30 August 2026

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Djando at 23:49, 30 August 2026

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Djando at 19:23, 30 August 2026

2026-08-30T19:23:56Z

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 ==New Videos==
 * [[Ariz_Bros_Video_(1983)|The Ariz Brothers]], banquine (1983)
 * [[Les_Chicky_Video_(1983)|Les Chicky]], clown entrée (1983)
 * [[The_Astoris_Video_(1975)|The Astoris]], Aerial Perch (1975)
 * [[Evelyn_and_André_Interview_(2025)|Evelyn & André]] Interview by the Fővárosi Nagycirkusz (2025)
 ==New Oral Histories==

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 ==New Videos==
-* [[/Ariz_Bros_Video_(1983)|The Ariz Brothers]], banquine (1983)
+* [[Ariz_Bros_Video_(1983)|The Ariz Brothers]], banquine (1983)
 * [[Les_Chicky_Video_(1983)|Les Chicky]], clown entrée (1983)
 * [[The_Astoris_Video_(1975)|The Astoris]], Aerial Perch (1975)

@@ Line 35: / Line 35: @@
 ==New Videos==
 * [[Les_Chicky_Video_(1983)|Les Chicky]], clown entrée (1983)
 * [[The_Astoris_Video_(1975)|The Astoris]], Aerial Perch (1975)
 * [[Evelyn_and_André_Interview_(2025)|Evelyn & André]] Interview by the Fővárosi Nagycirkusz (2025)
 * [[Merkys_Video_(1964)|The 3 Merkys]], horizontal bars (1964)
 ==New Oral Histories==

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 ===THE BLUMENFELD FAMILY===
-[[File:5_Blumenfelds_Poster.jpg|right|300px]]The huge Blumenfeld family holds an important place in German and European circus history. One of the three major German-Jewish circus dynasties before World War II&mdash;along with the Strassburgers and the Lorches&mdash;the Blumenfelds were driven to bankruptcy and then brutally decimated by the Nazis. Before that tragedy, they had been a highly respected family of talented acrobats, equestrians, and circus owners. Although some members of the family resurfaced after World War II, the Blumenfelds were never able to reclaim the position they had once held in the circus world.
+[[File:5_Blumenfelds_Poster.jpg|right|300px]]The huge Blumenfeld family holds an important place in German and European circus history. One of the three major German-Jewish circus dynasties before World War II&mdash;along with the Strassburgers and the Lorches&mdash;the Blumenfelds were driven to bankruptcy and then brutally decimated by the Nazis. Before that tragedy, they had been a highly respected family of talented acrobats, aerialists, equestrians, and circus owners. Although some members of the family resurfaced after World War II, the Blumenfelds were never able to reclaim the position they had once held in the circus world.
 The Blumenfelds are allied with several other prominent Jewish families, such as the Goldkettes (Brönett), the Strassburgers, the Lorches, and the Könyots. They always married within their faith and, at times, like the Rothschilds, within their family&mdash;with perhaps the notable exceptions of Erich Blumenfeld, the youngest son of Simon Blumenfeld, who married Fanny Houcke, from the Franco-Swedish Houcke family, and his brother Alex, whose wife, Eugenie, came from an old Italian circus family, the Cardinales.

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 ==New Videos==
 * [[The_Astoris_Video_(1975)|The Astoris]], Aerial Perch (1975)
 * [[Evelyn_and_André_Interview_(2025)|Evelyn & André]] Interview by the Fővárosi Nagycirkusz (2025)
 * [[Merkys_Video_(1964)|The 3 Merkys]], horizontal bars (1964)
 * [[Davis_Vassallo_Video_(2024)|Davis Vassallo]], clown entrée (2024)
 ==New Oral Histories==

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 Since Hirsch Blumenfeld (1788-1867), founder of the dynasty, created his circus in the mid-nineteenth century, many of his descendants have operated several different circuses under the Blumenfeld name. Hirsch had a large family that developed many branches, and it can be sometimes difficult to determine which branch a given Blumenfeld belonged to. The Blumenfeld circus owners, however, shared one defining trait: they were equestrians who served the equestrian circus tradition with distinction, even as the circus-menagerie was becoming the norm in Germany by the beginning of the twentieth century.
-Hirsch Blumenfeld was born Hirsch Levy in 1788 in Isenburg, in the Grand Duchy of Hesse, one of the many German states. His parents were Levy Wolf (1770-1828), a Jewish cantor, and his wife Rosa (Rösgen), née Cahn (?-1840). The Blumenfeld patronym came later: under Jewish naming tradition, a son took his father’s given name as a patronym, so Hirsch, as Levy’s son, became Hirsch Levy. Hirsch didn't embrace his father's calling: He became instead a traveling entertainer, an occupation that had attracted many of his coreligionists over the centuries..... ([[The Blumenfeld Family|more...]])
+Hirsch Blumenfeld was born Hirsch Levy in 1788 in Isenburg, in the Grand Duchy of Hesse, one of the many German states. His parents were Levy Wolf (1770-1828), a Jewish cantor, and his wife Rosa (Rösgen), née Cahn (?-1840). The Blumenfeld patronym came later: Under Jewish naming tradition, a son took his father’s given name as a patronym, so Hirsch, as Levy’s son, became Hirsch Levy. Hirsch didn't embrace his father's calling: He became instead a traveling entertainer, an occupation that had attracted many of his coreligionists over the centuries..... ([[The Blumenfeld Family|more...]])
 ==New Essays and Biographies==

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 ==New Essays and Biographies==
 * [[The Blumenfeld Family]], circus owners, artists
 * [[Émilien Bouglione/fr|Émilien Bouglione]], French version
 * [[Kremo Family]], icarists
 * [[The Ziratron]], Israel's first Circus
 ==New Videos==