Paulina Schumann - Revision history

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 The new producers were impressed by Paulina's ideas and her sense of showmanship. They agreed to invest in her expensive costumes and staging concepts. The results of this financial collaboration could be seen each year in the fully produced, brilliantly themed equestrian acts they presented in the circuses of Stockholm, Göteborg, Copenhagen, and Harringay. Working year-round in a series of circus buildings, with long stands in each, gave Paulina and Albert a comfortable laboratory in which they were able to experiment with new concepts in their equestrian presentations.
-[[File:Paulina_Schumann_Family.jpg|thumb|400px|left|Paulina Schumann with the Schumann Family (c.1965)]]Inspired by international folklore themes, Paulina designed acts that were enhanced by Butson's staging gifts. They developed a host of high-school riding presentations and liberty acts, combining horses of different breeds and robes. They created some unusual novelties, such as an "Equestrian Potpourri" with forty horses in the ring simultaneously. Among other remarkable achievements was the production of ''The Troika''; ''Carnival in Venice''; ''Madame Bovary in the Bois de Boulogne''; and ''Fiesta en Sevilla'' (1951), which included the bareback riding troupe of [[Enrico Caroli]]. Her association with Tom Arnold's Harringay shows lasted until 1954.
+Inspired by international folklore themes, Paulina designed acts that were enhanced by Butson's staging gifts. They developed a host of high-school riding presentations and liberty acts, combining horses of different breeds and robes. They created some unusual novelties, such as an "Equestrian Potpourri" with forty horses in the ring simultaneously. Among other remarkable achievements was the production of ''The Troika''; ''Carnival in Venice''; ''Madame Bovary in the Bois de Boulogne''; and ''Fiesta en Sevilla'' (1951), which included the bareback riding troupe of [[Enrico Caroli]]. Her association with Tom Arnold's Harringay shows lasted until 1954.
-In the winter of 1957-58, the Schumann family appeared again in London, this time with the [[Bertram Mills Circus]] at the Olympia of Kensington (where the Schumanns had been regularly featured from 1921 to 1937, before Paulina's arrival). The Schumanns' acts included Albert and Paulina; their sons [[Benny Schumann|Benny]] and Jacques; Albert's brother, [[Max Schumann|Max]], with Max's wife Vivi and their daughter [[Katja Schumann|Katja]]; and [[Douglas Kossmeyer]]. Benny was also integrated in Paulina's tight-wire act.
+[[File:Paulina_Schumann_Family.jpg|thumb|400px|left|Paulina Schumann with the Schumann Family (c.1965)]]In the winter of 1957-58, the Schumann family appeared again in London, this time with the [[Bertram Mills Circus]] at the Olympia of Kensington (where the Schumanns had been regularly featured from 1921 to 1937, before Paulina's arrival). The Schumanns' acts included Albert and Paulina; their sons [[Benny Schumann|Benny]] and Jacques; Albert's brother, [[Max Schumann|Max]], with Max's wife Vivi and their daughter [[Katja Schumann|Katja]]; and [[Douglas Kossmeyer]]. Benny was also integrated in Paulina's tight-wire act.
 During this period, Paulina became the director-choreographer in title of the Schumanns' equestrian acts, most of which were inspired, musically as well as in costuming, by the great movies of the era. Always alternating high-school and liberty acts, the Schumanns staged superb equestrian impressions of ''Doctor Zhivago'', ''My Fair Lady'', ''Robin Hood'', ''Gigi'', as well as ''Schumanns in Mexico'' (1963), ''Feria de Primavera'' (1964), and ''From The Good Old Days: Paris 1900'' (1965).

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 ===Equestrian Diva===
-Following the birth of her two sons, Benny (b. 1945) and Jacques (b. 1947), Paulina's father-in-law asked her to present a "liberty" act with six horses, even though she had no equestrian experience. She answered, "I will do it, but I will do it my way." The former acrobat and variety dancer was determined to bring her knowledge of the crafts and aesthetics of variety shows into the far more conservative world of classic equestrian circus. She began by introducing an uncommon sophistication in lighting, costume design, musical arrangements, and thematic presentations, demanding what was, at the time, an unusual amount of financial investment (especially in the costumes).
+[[File:Paulina_Schumann-Bertram_Mills_1960.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Paulina Schumann at Bertram Mills' Circus in London (1960)]]Following the birth of her two sons, Benny (b. 1945) and Jacques (b. 1947), Paulina's father-in-law asked her to present a "liberty" act with six horses, even though she had no equestrian experience. She answered, "I will do it, but I will do it my way." The former acrobat and variety dancer was determined to bring her knowledge of the crafts and aesthetics of variety shows into the far more conservative world of classic equestrian circus. She began by introducing an uncommon sophistication in lighting, costume design, musical arrangements, and thematic presentations, demanding what was, at the time, an unusual amount of financial investment (especially in the costumes).
-[[File:Paulina_Schumann-Bertram_Mills_1960.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Paulina Schumann at Bertram Mills' Circus in London (1960)]]In 1947&mdash;the year of Paulina's equestrian debut&mdash;British producer [[Tom Arnold]] and director [[Clement Butson]] launched a huge winter circus show at the [[Harringay Circus|Harringay]] Arena in London. The Schumanns, who had previously worked intermittently for [[Bertram Mills Circus]], the other great London winter circus, began an association with Tom Arnold, one that would help them establish their reputation as the world's foremost equestrian family.
+In 1947&mdash;the year of Paulina's equestrian debut&mdash;British producer [[Tom Arnold]] and director [[Clement Butson]] launched a huge winter circus show at the [[Harringay Circus|Harringay]] Arena in London. The Schumanns, who had previously worked intermittently for [[Bertram Mills Circus]], the other great London winter circus, began an association with Tom Arnold, one that would help them establish their reputation as the world's foremost equestrian family.
 The new producers were impressed by Paulina's ideas and her sense of showmanship. They agreed to invest in her expensive costumes and staging concepts. The results of this financial collaboration could be seen each year in the fully produced, brilliantly themed equestrian acts they presented in the circuses of Stockholm, Göteborg, Copenhagen, and Harringay. Working year-round in a series of circus buildings, with long stands in each, gave Paulina and Albert a comfortable laboratory in which they were able to experiment with new concepts in their equestrian presentations.
-Inspired by international folklore themes, Paulina designed acts that were enhanced by Butson's staging gifts. They developed a host of high-school riding presentations and liberty acts, combining horses of different breeds and robes. They created some unusual novelties, such as an "Equestrian Potpourri" with forty horses in the ring simultaneously. Among other remarkable achievements was the production of ''The Troika''; ''Carnival in Venice''; ''Madame Bovary in the Bois de Boulogne''; and ''Fiesta en Sevilla'' (1951), which included the bareback riding troupe of [[Enrico Caroli]]. Her association with Tom Arnold's Harringay shows lasted until 1954.
+[[File:Paulina_Schumann_Family.jpg|thumb|400px|left|Paulina Schumann with the Schumann Family (c.1965)]]Inspired by international folklore themes, Paulina designed acts that were enhanced by Butson's staging gifts. They developed a host of high-school riding presentations and liberty acts, combining horses of different breeds and robes. They created some unusual novelties, such as an "Equestrian Potpourri" with forty horses in the ring simultaneously. Among other remarkable achievements was the production of ''The Troika''; ''Carnival in Venice''; ''Madame Bovary in the Bois de Boulogne''; and ''Fiesta en Sevilla'' (1951), which included the bareback riding troupe of [[Enrico Caroli]]. Her association with Tom Arnold's Harringay shows lasted until 1954.
 In the winter of 1957-58, the Schumann family appeared again in London, this time with the [[Bertram Mills Circus]] at the Olympia of Kensington (where the Schumanns had been regularly featured from 1921 to 1937, before Paulina's arrival). The Schumanns' acts included Albert and Paulina; their sons [[Benny Schumann|Benny]] and Jacques; Albert's brother, [[Max Schumann|Max]], with Max's wife Vivi and their daughter [[Katja Schumann|Katja]]; and [[Douglas Kossmeyer]]. Benny was also integrated in Paulina's tight-wire act.

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 * Biographies: [[Charlie Rivel]], [[The Charlivels]]
 * History: [[The Schumann Dynasty]]
 * Video: [[Paulina_Schumann_Video_Medley_(1955-1965)|Paulina Schumann, acts medley]], at Cirkus Schumann, Copenhagen (c.1955-1965)
 * Video: [[Paulina_Schumann_Video_(1965)|Paulina Schumann, high school act]] at Cirkus Schumann, Copenhagen (1965)

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 ==See Also==
 * Video: [[Paulina_Schumann_Video_Medley_(1955-1965)|Paulina Schumann, acts medley]], at Cirkus Schumann, Copenhagen (c.1955-1965)
 * Video: [[Paulina_Schumann_Video_(1965)|Paulina Schumann, high school act]] at Cirkus Schumann, Copenhagen (1965)
 * Video: [[Schumann_High_School_Video_(c.1965)|Paulina, Albert, Max, Katja, Benny & Jacques Schumann, high school act]], at Cirkus Schumann in Copenhagen (1965)
 ==Suggested Reading==

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 Image:Juanito_and_Paulina-Rivel_and_Polo_Charlie-Rogelio_Rene.jpg|Juanito & Paulina Rivel with the Andreu-Rivels (c.1930)
 Image:Paulina_Rivel.jpg|Paulina Rivel (c.1935)
 File:Albert_Schumann_Wedding.jpg|Paulina Schumann's Wedding (1946)
 Image:Cirkus_Schumann_(1953).JPG|Cirkus Schumann in Copenhagen, announcing Charlie Rivel (1952)
 File:Bertram_Mills_Postcard_(1957).jpeg|Bertram Mills Circus Postcard featuring Paulina Schumann (1957)

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 Prior to World War II, the Rivel family was a staple of German variety theaters, which were frequented by the era's top social and political figures. During one evening show, Paulina was asked to present flowers to Nazi leader Hermann Goering, who was sitting in a box. During the war, the family moved to neutral Scandinavia. There, Charlie Rivel began a series of return engagements with the [[The Schumann Dynasty|Schumann family]], owners of the famous Cirkus Schumann. The Schumanns were already renowned for their equestrian presentations, but Paulina would help make them the preeminent equestrian performing family in the world.
-It was in Scandinavia that Paulina met [[Albert Schumann|Albert Maximilian Schumann]] (son of the circus's director, [[The Schumann Dynasty|Oskar Schumann]]); they were married on November 28, 1946. Meanwhile, Paulina's brothers began a brilliant international career with an acrobatic and dance act, [[The Charlivels]], while their father continued his ascension to international stardom as a clown, increasingly reducing his company to what would eventually be just a straight man.
+It was in Scandinavia that Paulina met [[Albert Schumann|Albert Maximilian Schumann]] (son of the circus's director, [[The Schumann Dynasty|Oskar Schumann]]); they were married on November 28, 1946 in Stockholm. Meanwhile, Paulina's brothers began a brilliant international career with an acrobatic and dance act, [[The Charlivels]], while their father continued his ascension to international stardom as a clown, increasingly reducing his company to what would eventually be just a straight man.
 ===Equestrian Diva===

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 Image:Paulina_Schumann.jpg|Paulina Schumann (c.1960)
 Image:Paulina_c1955.jpg|Paulina Schumann (c.1960)
-Image:Paulina_Schumann-Bertram_Mills_1960.jpg|Paulina Schumann at Bertram Mills'Circus in London (1960)
+File:Paulina_Schumann-Bertram_Mills_1960.jpg|Paulina Schumann at Bertram Mills'Circus in London (1960)
 Image:Paulina_and_Albert-Schumann_Cirkus-Schumann.jpg|Paulina and Albert Schumann, at Cirkus Schumann in Copenhagen
 File:Paulina_Schumann_Family.jpg|Paulina and the Schumann Family (c.1965)